Intraspecific Variation in the Placement of Campaniform Sensilla on the Wings of the Hawkmoth Manduca Sexta.

IF 2.2 4区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Integrative Organismal Biology Pub Date : 2024-03-13 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/iob/obae007
K E Stanchak, T Deora, A I Weber, M K Hickner, A Moalin, L Abdalla, T L Daniel, B W Brunton
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Abstract

Flight control requires active sensory feedback, and insects have many sensors that help them estimate their current locomotor state, including campaniform sensilla (CS), which are mechanoreceptors that sense strain resulting from deformation of the cuticle. CS on the wing detect bending and torsional forces encountered during flight, providing input to the flight feedback control system. During flight, wings experience complex spatio-temporal strain patterns. Because CS detect only local strain, their placement on the wing is presumably critical for determining the overall representation of wing deformation; however, how these sensilla are distributed across wings is largely unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that CS are found in stereotyped locations across individuals of Manduca sexta, a hawkmoth. We found that although CS are consistently found on the same veins or in the same regions of the wings, their total number and distribution can vary extensively. This suggests that there is some robustness to variation in sensory feedback in the insect flight control system. The regions where CS are consistently found provide clues to their functional roles, although some patterns might be reflective of developmental processes. Collectively, our results on intraspecific variation in CS placement on insect wings will help reshape our thinking on the utility of mechanosensory feedback for insect flight control and guide further experimental and comparative studies.

鹰蛾曼杜卡-塞克斯塔(Manduca Sexta)翅膀上钟状感觉器位置的种内差异。
飞行控制需要积极的感觉反馈,昆虫有许多传感器可以帮助它们估计当前的运动状态,其中包括钟状感觉器(CS),这是一种机械感受器,可以感知角质层变形产生的应变。翅膀上的CS能检测飞行过程中遇到的弯曲力和扭转力,为飞行反馈控制系统提供输入。在飞行过程中,翅膀会经历复杂的时空应变模式。由于CS只能检测局部应变,因此它们在翅膀上的位置对于确定翅膀变形的整体表现可能至关重要;然而,这些感觉器如何在翅膀上分布在很大程度上是未知的。在这里,我们验证了这样一个假设,即在鹰蛾曼杜鹃(Manduca sexta)的不同个体中,CS的位置是定型的。我们发现,虽然CS总是出现在翅膀的相同脉络或相同区域,但它们的总数和分布却有很大差异。这表明昆虫飞行控制系统对感觉反馈的变化具有一定的稳健性。CS持续存在的区域为它们的功能作用提供了线索,尽管有些模式可能反映了发育过程。总之,我们关于CS在昆虫翅膀上位置的种内变异的研究结果将有助于重塑我们对机械感觉反馈在昆虫飞行控制中的作用的思考,并指导进一步的实验和比较研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
48
审稿时长
20 weeks
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