An EEG-Based Neuroplastic Approach to Predictive Coding in People With Schizophrenia or Traumatic Brain Injury.

Clinical EEG and neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-06 DOI:10.1177/15500594241252897
Jonathan K Wynn, Michael F Green
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Abstract

Despite different etiologies, people with schizophrenia (SCZ) or with traumatic brain injury (TBI) both show aberrant neuroplasticity. One neuroplastic mechanism that may be affected is prediction error coding. We used a roving mismatch negativity (rMMN) paradigm which uses different lengths of standard tone trains and is optimized to assess predictive coding. Twenty-five SCZ, 22 TBI (mild to moderate), and 25 healthy controls were assessed. We used a frequency-deviant rMMN in which the number of standards preceding the deviant was either 2, 6, or 36. We evaluated repetition positivity to the standard tone immediately preceding a deviant tone (repetition positivity [RP], to assess formation of the memory trace), deviant negativity to the deviant stimulus (deviant negativity [DN], which reflects signaling of a prediction error), and the difference wave between the 2 (the MMN). We found that SCZ showed reduced DN and MMN compared with healthy controls and with people with mild to moderate TBI. We did not detect impairments in any index (RP, DN, or MMN) in people with TBI compared to controls. Our findings suggest that prediction error coding assessed with rMMN is aberrant in SCZ but intact in TBI, though there is a suggestion that severity of head injury results in poorer prediction error coding.

基于脑电图的神经可塑性方法,用于精神分裂症或脑外伤患者的预测编码。
尽管病因不同,精神分裂症(SCZ)患者或脑外伤(TBI)患者都会表现出异常的神经可塑性。其中一种可能受到影响的神经可塑性机制是预测错误编码。我们使用了巡回错配负性(rMMN)范式,该范式使用了不同长度的标准音调序列,并对预测编码进行了优化评估。我们对 25 名 SCZ、22 名创伤性脑损伤(轻度至中度)患者和 25 名健康对照者进行了评估。我们使用了一种频率偏差 rMMN,其中偏差之前的标准音数量为 2、6 或 36。我们评估了紧接着偏离音调之前的标准音调的重复阳性(重复阳性 [RP],用于评估记忆痕迹的形成)、偏离刺激的偏离阴性(偏离阴性 [DN],用于反映预测错误的信号)以及两者之间的差波(MMN)。我们发现,与健康对照组和轻度至中度创伤性脑损伤患者相比,SCZ 表现出较低的 DN 和 MMN。与对照组相比,我们没有在 TBI 患者的任何指标(RP、DN 或 MMN)上发现障碍。我们的研究结果表明,用rMMN评估的预测错误编码在SCZ患者中是异常的,但在TBI患者中却是完好的,尽管有迹象表明头部损伤的严重程度会导致预测错误编码较差。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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