Prevalence of Bovine Schistosomiasis and Associated Risk Factors in and Around Haramaya, Oromia Region, East Ethiopia.

IF 1.7 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Veterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Pub Date : 2024-04-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.2147/VMRR.S450472
Dagm Mesifn, Melkie Dagnaw, Mastewal Birhan, Nigist Bizu, Samuel Derso Tezera
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Abstract

Introduction: Schistosomiasis is caused by the Schistosoma genus and is transmitted through intermediate hosts, such as snails.

Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was conducted within and surrounding Haramaya town between December 2022 and May 2023 to estimate the prevalence of schistosomiasis in cattle and associated risk factors. The degree of prevalence was estimated using surveys carried out in slaughterhouses and coprological laboratories. For statistical estimation, chi-square tests and logistic regression were utilized. A total of 390 samples were obtained through simple random sampling. In the survey that was undertaken on abattoirs, a total of 384 samples were chosen through the utilization of a systematic random sampling approach. The recovery of Schistosoma eggs from fecal specimens was achieved by sedimentation.

Results: The overall rates of schistosomiasis in cattle were estimated to be 21.28% and 18.23% through coprological and postmortem examinations, respectively. The analysis conducted through multivariable logistic regression indicated that management system, body condition, and age were significant risk factors. Cattle under extensive management (OR = 5.9, 95% CI = 2-17) and those in the young age category (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.0-7.00) were more susceptible to acquiring schistosomiasis than cattle under intensive management and those in the adult age category, respectively. According to the odds ratio, there was a positive association between the incidence rate of schistosomiasis in cattle and poor body condition (OR: 3.048, 95% CI = 1.07-8.68; P = 0.00). Schistosomiasis infection was 3.048 times more likely to manifest in animals in poor physical condition. This affliction has had a profound impact on the livestock industry, as substantiated by the elevated prevalence of schistosomiasis in cattle within the studied region.

Conclusion: Consequently, an integrated approach to prevention and control that targets the parasite is needed.

埃塞俄比亚东部奥罗莫地区哈拉马亚及其周边地区的牛血吸虫病流行情况和相关风险因素。
导言:血吸虫病由血吸虫属引起,通过钉螺等中间宿主传播:2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 5 月期间,在哈拉马亚镇及周边地区开展了一项横断面调查,以估算牛血吸虫病的流行率及相关风险因素。流行程度是通过在屠宰场和血吸虫病实验室进行的调查估算出来的。统计估算采用了卡方检验和逻辑回归法。通过简单随机抽样共获得了 390 个样本。在对屠宰场进行的调查中,通过系统随机抽样方法共选取了 384 个样本。通过沉淀法从粪便样本中回收血吸虫卵:结果:通过粪便检查和死后检查,估计牛的血吸虫病总发病率分别为 21.28% 和 18.23%。多变量逻辑回归分析表明,管理制度、体况和年龄是重要的风险因素。粗放型管理的牛(OR = 5.9,95% CI = 2-17)和低龄牛(OR = 2.7,95% CI = 1.0-7.00)分别比密集型管理的牛和成年牛更容易感染血吸虫病。根据几率比,牛的血吸虫病发病率与体况差呈正相关(OR:3.048,95% CI = 1.07-8.68;P = 0.00)。体况差的动物感染血吸虫病的几率是体况差的动物的 3.048 倍。血吸虫病对畜牧业产生了深远的影响,研究区域内牛的血吸虫病感染率升高就证明了这一点:因此,需要采取针对寄生虫的综合防治方法。
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