A narrative review of oncologic emergencies in patients with head and neck cancers: initial management and the role of radiation therapy.

4区 医学 Q2 Nursing
Annals of palliative medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-08 DOI:10.21037/apm-22-1074
Badr Id Said, Antoine Eskander, Anish Kapadia, Zain A Husain
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objective: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) encompass a complex group of malignancies with high morbidity, often leading to critical emergencies such as pain crises, airway obstruction and hemorrhage. This review aims to outline an evidence-based approach to the multidisciplinary management of HNC oncologic emergencies with a focus on the role of emergent radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: A literature search was performed using Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases with a focus on three common oncological emergencies using the following keywords: "head and neck cancer", "radiation OR radiotherapy", "pain", "bleeding OR haemorrhage", and "airway obstruction". All English language articles published up to April 2022 were screened to identify studies pertaining to the management of oncologic emergencies in HNC.

Key content and findings: The management of oncologic emergencies in HNC present a unique set of challenges that require early recognition and aggressive treatment. In this narrative review, we summarize the evidence supporting the role of RT in the management of HNC patients presenting with pain crisis, malignant airway obstruction and acute haemorrhage. We demonstrate that while RT can be used as a primary or adjunct therapy, optimal management depends on the involvement of a multi-disciplinary team that includes head and neck surgeons, interventional radiology and palliative care.

Conclusions: RT plays a critical role in the multidisciplinary management of HNC oncological emergencies. Further prospective and comparative studies are needed to assess optimal management strategies.

头颈部癌症患者的肿瘤急症综述:初期处理和放射治疗的作用。
背景和目的:头颈部癌症(HNCs)是一组复杂的恶性肿瘤,发病率很高,常常导致疼痛、气道阻塞和大出血等危重急症。本综述旨在概述多学科管理 HNC 肿瘤急症的循证方法,重点关注紧急放射治疗(RT)的作用:方法:使用 Medline、Embase 和 Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials 数据库进行文献检索,重点关注三种常见的肿瘤急症,关键词如下:"头颈癌"、"放射或放疗"、"疼痛"、"出血或大出血 "和 "气道阻塞"。筛选了截至 2022 年 4 月发表的所有英文文章,以确定与 HNC 肿瘤急症处理相关的研究:HNC 肿瘤急症的处理面临一系列独特的挑战,需要早期识别和积极治疗。在这篇叙述性综述中,我们总结了支持 RT 在治疗出现疼痛危象、恶性气道阻塞和急性出血的 HNC 患者中发挥作用的证据。我们证明,虽然 RT 可作为主要或辅助疗法,但最佳治疗取决于多学科团队的参与,其中包括头颈部外科医生、介入放射科和姑息治疗:RT在HNC肿瘤急症的多学科治疗中发挥着关键作用。需要进一步开展前瞻性比较研究,以评估最佳管理策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Annals of palliative medicine
Annals of palliative medicine Medicine-Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
自引率
0.00%
发文量
231
期刊介绍: Annals of Palliative Medicine (Ann Palliat Med; Print ISSN 2224-5820; Online ISSN 2224-5839) is an open access, international, peer-reviewed journal published quarterly with both online and printed copies since 2012. The aim of the journal is to provide up-to-date and cutting-edge information and professional support for health care providers in palliative medicine disciplines to improve the quality of life for patients and their families and caregivers.
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