Design of Reversible Adhesives by Using a Triple Function of Ionic Liquids

IF 5.4 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

ACS Applied Energy Materials Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI:10.1002/mame.202400011

Florian Wanghofer, Matthias Kriehuber, David Reisinger, Florian Floh, Markus Wolfahrt, Sandra Schlögl

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Abstract

Reversible adhesives are crucial for a circular economy of composites as they play a key role for rework, repair, and recycling of adhesively bonded components. Herein, electrically debondable adhesives are prepared by introducing ionic liquids in dynamic thiol–epoxy networks. The function of the ionic liquid in the networks is threefold as it accelerates the curing reaction between thiol and epoxy monomers, facilitates electrical debonding, and catalyzes thermoactivated transesterification reactions, required for rebonding at elevated temperature. A library of 1,3-dibutylimidazolium-based ionic liquids with varying anions is synthetized and it is found that 1,3-dibutyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dicyanamide (DiButIm─N(CN)₂) is superior in accelerating bond-exchange reactions between hydroxy and ester moieties at elevated temperature. Thus, a thiol–epoxy resin containing 20 wt% of DiButIm─N(CN)₂ is used to impregnate glass fiber mats yielding adhesive connections for aluminum substrates with 10.2 MPa pull-off strength. The adhesive connections are successfully debonded at the metal–adhesive interface by applying 120 V. The samples are then rebonded via the thermoactivated change in the networks’ viscoelastic properties and ≈80% (8.1 MPa) of their original bond strength can be regained. By providing a simple strategy to synthetize reversible adhesives, this approach paves a way toward improved recyclability and repairability of adhesively bonded structures.

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利用离子液体的三重功能设计可逆粘合剂

可逆粘合剂对于复合材料的循环经济至关重要，因为它们在粘合粘接部件的返工、修复和回收利用方面发挥着关键作用。在这里，通过在动态硫醇-环氧网络中引入离子液体，制备出了可电解粘合剂。网络中的离子液体具有三重功能：加速硫醇和环氧单体之间的固化反应；促进电脱胶；催化高温下重新粘合所需的热激活酯交换反应。研究人员合成了一个具有不同阴离子的 1,3-二丁基咪唑离子液体库，发现 1,3-二丁基-1H-咪唑-3-鎓二氰胺（DiButIm─N(CN)2）在高温下加速羟基和酯基之间的键交换反应方面表现出色。因此，一种含有 20 wt% DiButIm─N(CN)2 的硫醇环氧树脂被用来浸渍玻璃纤维毡，从而产生拉拔强度为 10.2 兆帕的铝基材粘合连接。然后通过热激活网络粘弹性能的变化使样品重新粘合，并可重新获得≈80%（8.1 兆帕）的原始粘合强度。这种方法提供了一种合成可逆粘合剂的简单策略，为提高粘合结构的可回收性和可修复性铺平了道路。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Energy Materials Materials Science-Materials Chemistry

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1368

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Energy Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of materials, engineering, chemistry, physics and biology relevant to energy conversion and storage. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important energy applications.