Effectiveness of tank mixtures of protectants and micro fertilizers against a complex of pests and diseases of spring barley

Abstract

Seed dressing is a mandatory environmentally and cost-effective technique for cultivating spring barley in modern technologies. The work aimed to increase the efficiency of protection of spring barley by using tank mixtures of new insecticidal, fungicidal, and insectofungicidal protectants with micro fertilizers. The studies were conducted in 2021–2022. on crops of spring barley of the Grace variety in the forest-steppe conditions of Russia’s Central Black Earth Region (the soil is leached medium-loamy chernozem). It was established that the insectofungicide Armor Quadra (0.8 l/t) and a tank mixture of the Bombarda insecticide (1.0 l/t) with the Heraklion fungicide (1.0 l/t) when treating spring barley seeds were highly effective against a complex of pests: molding of seeds, root rot, striped flea beetles, grain flies. About pests, the effectiveness of the tank insectofungicidal mixture Bombarda (1.0 l/t) + Heraklion (1.0 l/t) corresponded to the level of individual use of the drug Bombarda (1.0 l/t). It was higher than the standard and the drug Armor Quadra (0 .8 l/t) against grain flea beetles by 6.8–8.5%, against grain flies – by 6.2–6.4%. Using the studied pesticides with microfertilizers Polishing (0.2 l/t) and MegamixPhosphorus (2.0 l/t) increased the field germination of spring barley seeds by an average of 5.0–6.0% relative to the control. The addition of microfertilizers increased the effectiveness of pesticides against root rot in the tillering phase by 4.5–7.0% and in the heading phase – by 4.8–6.8%. Results of evaluation of the insectofungicide Armor Quadra (0.8 l/t) and the insectofungicidal tank mixture Bombarda (1.0 l/t) + Heraklion (1.0 l/t) individually and in combination with Polishance microfertilizers (0.2 l/t ) and Megamix-Phosphorus (2.0 l/t) showed a positive effect of seed treatment on the formation of crop structure elements and the yield of spring barley. The addition of microfertilizers to the studied tank mixtures contributed to a significant increase in the yield of spring barley by an average of 3.0–4.7 c/ha, which made it possible in variants with seed treatment with the insectofungicide Armor Quadra (0.8 l/t) and the insectofungicidal mixture Bombarda (1 .0 l/t) + Heraklion (1.0 l/t) in combination with microfertilizers Polishing (0.2 l/t) and Megamix-Phosphorus (2.0 l/t) to obtain the most significant increases in grain yield compared to the control – 11.0–13.2 c/ha.