Resistance of samples of spring soft wheat of the world collection VIR to Puccinia recondite b conditions of the Orenburg cisdural Region

Abstract

In the conditions of the steppe zone of the Orenburg region, the problem of increasing the resistance of grain production to abiotic and biotic stress factors is relevant. A dangerous biotic stress for wheat plants is leaf rust. With the constant process of morphogenesis in nature, it is necessary to search for sources and donors of resistance to pathogens in the specific conditions of the cultivation region for inclusion in the breeding process. To study the characteristics of the Puccinia recondite population, the genetic diversity of the world collection of spring soft wheat, and identify sources of resistance to leaf rust in the steppe conditions of the Orenburg Cis-Urals in 2017–2022. A field assessment of 140 samples was carried out. When considering the incidence of leaf rust, we used the methods of VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Growing) and VIZR (All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection). Studies of P. recondite samples have established the prevalence of pathogenic populations virulent to the genes Lr 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3bq, 3ka, 11, 14a, 14b, 15, 17, 18, 20 and Lr 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3bq, 3ka, 9, 11, 14a, 14b, 15, 17, 18, 20. These populations are avirulent to the genes Lr 9, 16, 19, 24, 44 and Lr 16, 19, 24, 44. High Juvenile resistance was demonstrated by the varieties Lavrusha, Novosibirskaya 91, Sibirskaya 16, OmGAU-90 (West Siberian eco group), Spurt and Tulaikovskaya 108 (forest-steppe Volga eco group), Azhurnaya (steppe southern eco group), Aktyube 3 (steppe eastern eco group), Hoffman (North American eco group) and Chelyaba 75 (forest-steppe eastern eco group). Under field conditions, samples k-64365 Taiga Niva were not affected by brown leaf rust; k-64867 Novosibirskaya 44; k-64886 Aktobe 27; k-64976 CDC Merlin; k-64998 Favorite; k-65006 Hoffman; k-65007 GNS-28; k-65128 Altaiskaya 110; k-65139 Saratovskaya 74; k-65145 Volkhitka; k-65147 Skorospelka 98; k-65253 Omskaya 41; k-65269 Pin Chum 11; k-65449 Mertsana and k-65450 Yaritsa. The selected samples are recommended for breeding improvement of spring soft wheat in the conditions of the Orenburg region.