Threat sensitivity in emotion dynamics: Negativity effects and sex differences

IF 4.2 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI:10.1016/j.brat.2024.104542

Michael D. Robinson, Roberta L. Irvin, Muhammad R. Asad

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Evolutionary theorizing has given rise to the idea that responding to any particular threat may be more mandatory than responding to any particular reward. The present three experiments (total N = 375) sought to provide support for this perspective in an emotion dynamics task in which participants continuously rated their affective state in response to appetitive (reward-related) versus aversive (threat-related) images. Even when equating images for arousal and extremity, several negativity effects (e.g., steeper reactivity slopes in response to aversive images) were found. These negativity effects can serve as an experimental model of threat sensitivity, which should predispose some individuals, more than others, to symptoms related to fear and anxiety. This point was made with respect to sex differences, given that women (relative to men) are diagnosed with anxiety disorders at higher rates. Sex differences were pronounced and extensions of this work, both basic and applied, are proposed.

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情绪动态中的威胁敏感性：消极效应和性别差异

进化理论认为，对任何特定威胁做出反应可能比对任何特定奖励做出反应更具强制性。本实验的三个参与者（总人数= 375）试图在一项情绪动力学任务中为这一观点提供支持，在这项任务中，参与者会持续评定他们对开胃（与奖励相关）和厌恶（与威胁相关）图像的情绪状态。即使将图像等同于唤醒性和极端性，也发现了一些负性效应（例如，对厌恶性图像的反应斜率更陡）。这些负性效应可以作为威胁敏感性的实验模型，使某些人比其他人更容易出现与恐惧和焦虑有关的症状。鉴于女性（相对于男性）被诊断出患有焦虑症的比例更高，这一点与性别差异有关。性别差异是显而易见的，并提出了这一工作在基础和应用两方面的延伸。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Behaviour Research and Therapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

7.30%

发文量

148

期刊介绍： The major focus of Behaviour Research and Therapy is an experimental psychopathology approach to understanding emotional and behavioral disorders and their prevention and treatment, using cognitive, behavioral, and psychophysiological (including neural) methods and models. This includes laboratory-based experimental studies with healthy, at risk and subclinical individuals that inform clinical application as well as studies with clinically severe samples. The following types of submissions are encouraged: theoretical reviews of mechanisms that contribute to psychopathology and that offer new treatment targets; tests of novel, mechanistically focused psychological interventions, especially ones that include theory-driven or experimentally-derived predictors, moderators and mediators; and innovations in dissemination and implementation of evidence-based practices into clinical practice in psychology and associated fields, especially those that target underlying mechanisms or focus on novel approaches to treatment delivery. In addition to traditional psychological disorders, the scope of the journal includes behavioural medicine (e.g., chronic pain). The journal will not consider manuscripts dealing primarily with measurement, psychometric analyses, and personality assessment.