Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease [NAFLD] and Metabolic dysfunction associated Fatty Liver Disease [MAFLD] in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome [IBS]

Abstract

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) are among most sought gastrointestinal and liver related conditions worldwide. Both of them may share common risk factors. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) patients having metabolic dysfunctions are termed as Metabolic Dysfunction associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Data are sparse regarding the frequency of Metabolic Dysfunction associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) among Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) patients. We have conducted a cross sectional comparative study at the outpatient department of SRNGIH to find out the frequency of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Metabolic dysfunction associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) among patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Out of 219 patients,121 patients had IBS. Irritable Bowel Syndrome—Diarrhea Predominant (IBS-D) was the most prominent type (55%). One third (n = 39) of the IBS (32.23%) patients had Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). One tenth [n = 12] had Metabolic dysfunction associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Significantly younger patients had NAFLD among IBS patients compared to Non-IBS patients [p = 0.023]. Non-IBS patients had significantly more Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) compared to IBS patients (p = 0.040). Serum triglycerides were more among IBS patients having NAFLD compared to non-IBS patients having NAFLD (p = 0.022). Serum Alanine Aminotransferase (S. ALT) were significantly higher in IBS patients with NAFLD than in IBS patients without NAFLD (p = 0.006). Body Mass Index (BMI) was significantly higher in IBS patients with MAFLD than IBS patients without MAFLD. Total and LDL cholesterol were significantly higher in IBS with MAFLD patients than in IBS without MAFLD. One third of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) patients had Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Metabolic dysfunction associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) was less prevalent among patients with IBS. However, further study with bigger samples is needed for further understanding between the two conditions.