Epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus in Arbil province, northern Iraq, 1990–1998

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI:10.1017/s0022149x00700113

I. Saeed, C. Kapel, L.A. Saida, L. Willingham, P. Nansen

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Abstract

During the period 1990–1998, 99 cases of human cystic hydatidosis (12.4 cases per year) were surgically treated at the two main hospitals in Arbil province, northern Iraq, and from this the human occurence for the province was estimated to be 2 per 100,000 inhabitants. In the same area, 1270 sheep, 550 goats and 320 cattle were examined at slaughter for hydatid cysts and prevalence rates were found to be 15.0%, 6.2% and 10.9%, respectively. A decreasing tendency in livestock prevalences was found towards the end of the study period. As in humans, most of the hydatid cysts in livestock were located in the liver. Fertility of sheep cysts, i.e. those containing protoscoleces, was found to be significantly higher (64%) than that of goats (35.7%) and cattle (29.8%). The percentage of fertile cysts containing viable protoscoleces varied between 63 and 82% in the livers and between 72 and 79% in the lungs of the different animal species. A total of 97 stray dogs were examined post-mortem in the years 1991, 1992 and 1998, and Echinococcus granulosus worms were found in the intestines of 48 dogs (49.5%). High worm burdens (> 1000) were observed in 37% of the dogs, medium worm burdens (200–1000) in 41%, and low worm burdens (< 200) in 22%. In 1998, the prevalence of canine echinococcosis (24.3%) was found to be significantly lower than in 1991 (70.4%) and 1992 (60.6%). The prevalence of human hydatidosis did not differ significantly over the years, but the study confirmed that hydatidosis is endemic in northern Iraq, and that housewives, labourers and farmers appear to be at the greatest risk of infection.

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1990-1998 年伊拉克北部埃尔比勒省粒棘球蚴流行病学情况

1990-1998 年期间，伊拉克北部埃尔比勒省的两家主要医院通过手术治疗了 99 例人类包虫病（每年 12.4 例），据此估计，该省的人类发病率为每 10 万居民 2 例。在同一地区，有 1270 只绵羊、550 只山羊和 320 头牛在屠宰时接受了包虫病检查，发现患病率分别为 15.0%、6.2% 和 10.9%。在研究末期，发现牲畜的患病率呈下降趋势。与人类一样，牲畜的大多数包虫囊肿位于肝脏。研究发现，绵羊囊肿（即含有原孢子的囊肿）的繁殖力（64%）明显高于山羊（35.7%）和牛（29.8%）。在不同动物的肝脏和肺部中，含有存活原孢子虫的可育包囊比例分别为 63% 至 82%，72% 至 79%。1991、1992和1998年，共对97只流浪狗进行了尸检，在48只狗（49.5%）的肠道中发现了棘球蚴。其中，37%的狗体内发现了高蠕虫量（> 1000），41%的狗体内发现了中等蠕虫量（200-1000），22%的狗体内发现了低蠕虫量（< 200）。1998 年，犬棘球蚴病的发病率（24.3%）明显低于 1991 年（70.4%）和 1992 年（60.6%）。人类包虫病的发病率在不同年份没有明显差异，但研究证实，包虫病在伊拉克北部流行，家庭主妇、工人和农民似乎是感染风险最大的人群。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.