Drought tolerance and impacts of four rootstock genotypes on the morphology, yield and fruit quality of Fuji scion apple under drought conditions

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Liu Xiaosheng, Zhang Meng, Hu Huatao, Li Zhaowei, Xu Xuefeng, Wang Yi, Han Zhenhai
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Abstract

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that limits apple production. Rootstocks provide roots for grafted fruit trees. The rootstocks absorb water and mineral nutrients and affect the growth and development of the tree and the quality of fruit and its yield. Furthermore, the appropriate rootstock for drought conditions is key to the sustainable production of apple (Malus spp.). Chistock #1 is a new semi-dwarfing apple rootstock. The drought tolerance of Chistock #1 was compared with that of M9, M26 and M. prunifolia through pot and field experiments. In pot experiments, drought tolerant rootstocks were selected by comparing the root configuration, leaf anatomical structure, electrical conductivity and SPAD value. The results showed that the roots of Chistock #1 and M. prunifolia were long and well developed. Under drought stress, M. prunifolia can close its stomata in time to reduce water loss, followed by Chistock #1 and M26, while M9 was the slowest at closing its stomata. After drought treatment, the leaf and palisade tissue thickness and SPAD value of Chistock #1 were the highest at 121.56 μm, 42.03 μm and 43.00 μm, respectively. The fruit yield and quality of different scion and rootstock combinations were measured in field experiments. A Fuji scion cultivar grafted to Chistock #1 had a higher yield and better quality as determined by its suitable ratio of total soluble solids and titratable acid. Finally, a membership function combined with a principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the drought tolerance of the four rootstocks. The results were as follows: Chistock #1 was the most drought tolerant of the four rootstock genotypes, M. prunifolia and M26 were the second and third most drought tolerant rootstocks, while M9 was the least drought tolerant.

Abstract Image

干旱条件下四种砧木基因型的耐旱性及其对富士接穗苹果形态、产量和果实品质的影响
干旱是限制苹果产量的主要非生物胁迫之一。砧木为嫁接果树提供根系。砧木吸收水分和矿物质养分,影响果树的生长发育、果实质量和产量。此外,适合干旱条件的砧木也是苹果(马卢斯属)可持续生产的关键。Chistock #1是一种新的半矮化苹果砧木。通过盆栽和田间试验,比较了 Chistock #1 与 M9、M26 和 M. prunifolia 的耐旱性。在盆栽实验中,通过比较根系构造、叶片解剖结构、电导率和 SPAD 值,筛选出耐旱砧木。结果表明,Chistock 1 号和 M. prunifolia 的根长而发达。在干旱胁迫下,M. prunifolia能及时关闭气孔以减少水分流失,其次是Chistock 1号和M26,而M9关闭气孔的速度最慢。经干旱处理后,Chistock #1的叶片和栅栏组织厚度及SPAD值最高,分别为121.56 μm、42.03 μm和43.00 μm。田间试验测定了不同接穗和砧木组合的果实产量和质量。嫁接到 Chistock #1 上的富士接穗产量更高,质量更好,这是由其适宜的总可溶性固形物和可滴定酸比率决定的。最后,利用成员函数结合主成分分析法对四种砧木的耐旱性进行了综合评价。结果如下Chistock 1 号是四种砧木基因型中最耐旱的,M. prunifolia 和 M26 是第二和第三耐旱的砧木,而 M9 最不耐旱。
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来源期刊
Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology
Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Horticulture
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
4.20%
发文量
0
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology (HEB) is the official journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science, was launched in 1965 as the "Journal of Korean Society for Horticultural Science". HEB is an international journal, published in English, bimonthly on the last day of even number months, and indexed in Biosys Preview, SCIE, and CABI. The journal is devoted for the publication of original research papers and review articles related to vegetables, fruits, ornamental and herbal plants, and covers all aspects of physiology, molecular biology, biotechnology, protected cultivation, postharvest technology, and research in plants related to environment.
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