Osteoimmunology of Fracture Healing

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Current Osteoporosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.1007/s11914-024-00869-z

Kristin Happ Molitoris, Mingjian Huang, Gurpreet Singh Baht

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known in the literature about the role inflammation plays during bone fracture healing. Bone fracture healing progresses through four distinct yet overlapping phases: formation of the hematoma, development of the cartilaginous callus, development of the bony callus, and finally remodeling of the fracture callus. Throughout this process, inflammation plays a critical role in robust bone fracture healing.

Recent Findings

At the onset of injury, vessel and matrix disruption lead to the generation of an inflammatory response: inflammatory cells are recruited to the injury site where they differentiate, activate, and/or polarize to secrete cytokines for the purposes of cell signaling and cell recruitment. This process is altered by age and by sex.

Summary

Bone fracture healing is heavily influenced by the presence of inflammatory cells and cytokines within the healing tissue.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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骨折愈合的骨免疫学

综述目的本综述旨在总结文献中有关炎症在骨折愈合过程中所起作用的内容。骨折愈合需要经历四个不同但又相互重叠的阶段：血肿的形成、软骨胼胝体的发育、骨胼胝体的发育以及骨折胼胝体的重塑。在整个过程中，炎症在骨折的稳健愈合中起着至关重要的作用。最新研究结果在损伤开始时，血管和基质的破坏导致炎症反应的产生：炎症细胞被招募到损伤部位，在那里它们分化、激活和/或极化，分泌细胞因子，以达到细胞信号传导和细胞招募的目的。这一过程会因年龄和性别而改变。摘要骨骨折愈合在很大程度上受到愈合组织中存在的炎症细胞和细胞因子的影响。

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来源期刊

Current Osteoporosis Reports Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

CiteScore

8.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of osteoporosis. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as current and future therapeutics, epidemiology and pathophysiology, and evaluation and management. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.