The Non-Motor Prodromal Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A Review

Amjad Mhanna, Subhia Maya, Ali Ghassa, Abdallah Aladna, Zuheir Alshehabi
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Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder with both motor and non-motor symptoms. There is no clear etiology, and it has no cure. The non-motor features often precede the motor symptoms by many years, so they are considered prodromal symptoms of the disease. These symptoms include olfactory dysfunction, constipation, sleep problems, and depression. The purpose of this study is to review the literature on Parkinson's disease non-motor prodromal symptoms and their role from the early stages throughout the disease's development. The review discusses several aspects related to the prodromal features of Parkinson's disease: their prevalence in Parkinson's disease patients, the pathophysiology, the treatment, if it is possible, and the prodromal symptoms' effect on the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of the disease, in addition to their impact on patients' quality of life. More studies are required to precisely pinpoint the timing of non-motor prodromal symptoms onset and modify the diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease accordingly. KEYWORDS constipation, depression, gastrointestinal dysfunctions, hyposmia, olfactory dysfunction, sleep disturbances
帕金森病的非运动性前驱症状:综述
帕金森病是一种常见的进行性神经退行性疾病,同时伴有运动和非运动症状。该病没有明确的病因,也无法治愈。非运动症状往往比运动症状早出现多年,因此被认为是该病的前驱症状。这些症状包括嗅觉功能障碍、便秘、睡眠问题和抑郁。本研究的目的是回顾有关帕金森病非运动前驱症状的文献,以及这些症状在整个疾病发展早期所起的作用。该综述讨论了与帕金森病前驱症状相关的几个方面:它们在帕金森病患者中的发病率、病理生理学、治疗(如果可能的话)、前驱症状对疾病诊断、预后和管理的影响,以及它们对患者生活质量的影响。需要进行更多的研究,以精确确定非运动性前驱症状的发病时间,并相应修改帕金森病的诊断标准。 关键词:便秘、抑郁、胃肠功能紊乱、嗅觉减退、嗅觉功能障碍、睡眠障碍
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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