Monoterpenes as Medicinal Agents: Exploring the Pharmaceutical Potential of p-Cymene, p-Cymenene, and γ-Terpinene

Sylwia Bagińska, Aleksandra Golonko, R. Świsłocka, W. Lewandowski
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Abstract

This review highlights the therapeutic propeties of monoterpenes, particularly γ-terpinene, p-cymene, and p-cymenene, found in essential oils derived from various plants. These compounds are known for their analgesic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. γ-Terpinene is recognized for its potent antioxidant propeties and is a constituent of oils from plants such as cumin and thyme. p-cymene, found in over 100 plant species, is noted for its antiviral and antibacterial properties and is considered safe by IFRA standards. p-Cymenene, with its distinct aroma, is detected in parsley and turmeric oils and is known for its antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The antimicrobial properties of γ-terpinene and p-cymene are highlighted, demonstrating their effectiveness in treating various skin conditions and reducing airborne microbes. Their selective antimicrobial activity preserves the integrity of the microbiome, offering a balanced approach to infection control. The anti-inflammatory properties of γ-terpinene are emphasized, with studies indicating its role in modulating cytokine production, underscoring its potential in the treatment of inflammation. Additionally, its antinociceptive effects suggest that it is a safe analgesic. In cancer treatment, the antiproliferative effects of γ-terpinene and p-cymene are being explored, highlighting their potential for targeted cancer therapy. This review aims to consolidate knowledge about these monoterpenes and promote a deeper understanding of their medical applications and safety. The knowledge gained is expected to stimulate further research, potentially leading to innovative applications in pharmaceutical and medical fields and harnessing the potential of -terpinene, p-cymene, and p-cymenene.
作为药剂的单萜类化合物:探索对伞花烯、对伞花烯和γ-萜品烯的药用潜力
这篇综述重点介绍了单萜烯类化合物的治疗特性,尤其是γ-萜品烯、对-千层烯和对-千层烯,它们存在于从各种植物中提取的精油中。这些化合物具有镇痛、抗癌、消炎和抗菌的功效。γ-萜品烯被认为具有强大的抗氧化能力,是小茴香和百里香等植物精油的成分之一;对伞花烯存在于 100 多种植物中,具有抗病毒和抗菌特性,被 IFRA 标准认为是安全的。γ-萜品烯和对-月桂烯的抗菌特性得到了强调,证明了它们在治疗各种皮肤病和减少空气中微生物方面的功效。它们的选择性抗菌活性可以保护微生物群的完整性,提供一种平衡的感染控制方法。研究表明,γ-萜品烯具有调节细胞因子分泌的作用,强调了它在治疗炎症方面的潜力。此外,其抗痛作用表明它是一种安全的镇痛剂。在癌症治疗方面,人们正在探索γ-松油烯和对伞花烃的抗增殖作用,这凸显了它们在癌症靶向治疗方面的潜力。本综述旨在巩固有关这些单萜的知识,并促进对其医疗应用和安全性的深入了解。所获得的知识有望促进进一步的研究,从而有可能在制药和医疗领域实现创新应用,并利用-萜品烯、对-月桂烯和对-月桂烯的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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