Efikasi Ekstrak Inggu (Ruta graveolens L.) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Diaphania indica (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Di Laboratorium

Sasmita Idzni, M. Sayuthi, Hasnah Hasnah
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Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non Faktorial dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi ekstrak inggu yaitu 1%,2%,3%,4% dan 5% setiap perlakuan diulang sebayak 4 kali sehingga terdapat 20 unit percobaan. Peubah yang di amati meliputi daya repelensi, mortalitas, persentase penghambat makan dan tingkat efikasi insektisida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak inggu berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya repelensi, mortalitas, persentase penghambat makan dan tingkat efikasi insektisida. Daya repelensi tertinggi terdapat pada konsentrasi 5%  sebesar 78,25% sedangkan daya repelensi terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi 1% sebesar 28,07% pada 1 jam setelah pengamatan (JSA). Aplikasi ekstrak inggu dengan konsentrasi 3% menyebabkan mortalitas sebesar 85% pada 4 hari setelah aplikasi, sedangkan mortalitas terendah pada konsentrsi 1% sebesar 42,50% pada pengamatan 4 HSA. Persentase penghambat makan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 4% sebesar 59,34%, sedangkan yang terendah pada konsentasi 1% sebesar 24,84% pada pengamatan 1 HSA. Tingkat efikasi insektida tertinggi pada konsentrasi 5% mencapai 100% sedangkan tingkat efikasi terendah pada konsentrasi 1% mencapai 15%. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak inggu efektif dalam mengendalikan hama D.indica dengan konsentrasi 3%. Tanaman inggu bersifat sebagai insecticidal, cara kerjanya bisa sebagai racun perut, racun pernapasan dan racun kontak.Efficacy of Inggu Leaves Extract (Ruta graveolens L.) on Mortality Larvae of Diaphania Indica (Lepidoptera;Crambidae) in the LaboratoryAbstract.The rue plant (Ruta graveolens L.) is known as a medicinal plant originating from the Sapindales Order and the Rutaceae Family. Inggu leaves can be used as a vegetable pesticide because they have the potential to be insecticidal, antifungal, antibacterial, larvicidal, repellent against insect pests, one of which is Diaphania indica. This insect is oligophagous or has host plants from one Cucurbitaceae family such as melons, cucumbers, watermelons and pumpkins. This research aims to determine the effective concentration of inggu leaf extract (R. graveolens L.) in controlling D. indica insects. This research used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 levels of inggu extract concentration, namely 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%, each treatment was repeated 4 times so that there were 20 experimental units. The variables observed included repellency, mortality, percentage of feeding inhibitors and insecticide efficacy level. The results of the study showed that inggu extract had a significant effect on repellent power, mortality, percentage of feeding inhibitors and insecticide efficacy level. The highest repellency was at a 5% concentration of 78.25%, while the lowest repellency was at a 1% concentration of 28.07% at 1 hour after observation (JSA). Application of rosewood extract with a concentration of 3% caused a mortality of 85% at 4 days after application, while the lowest mortality at a concentration of 1% was 42.50% at 4 DSA observations. The highest percentage of food inhibitors at a concentration of 4% was 59.34%, while the lowest at a concentration of 1% was 24.84% at 1 DSA observation. The highest level of insecticide efficacy at a concentration of 5% reached 100%, while the lowest level of efficacy at a concentration of 1% reached 15%. It can be concluded that inggu extract is effective in controlling D.indica pests at a concentration of 3%. 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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstrak. Tanaman inggu (Ruta  graveolens L.) dikenal sebagai tanaman obat yang berasal dari Ordo Sapindales dan Famili Rutaceae. Daun inggu dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pestisida nabati karena berpotensi sebagai insecticidal, antijamur, anti bakteri, larvasida, reppelent terhadap serangga hama salah satunya  Diaphania indica. Serangga ini bersifat oligofag atau memiliki tanaman inang dari satu Famili Cucurbitaceae seperti melon, mentimun, semangka dan labu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi yang efektif dari ekstrak daun inggu (R. graveolens L.) dalam mengendalikan serangga D. indica. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non Faktorial dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi ekstrak inggu yaitu 1%,2%,3%,4% dan 5% setiap perlakuan diulang sebayak 4 kali sehingga terdapat 20 unit percobaan. Peubah yang di amati meliputi daya repelensi, mortalitas, persentase penghambat makan dan tingkat efikasi insektisida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak inggu berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya repelensi, mortalitas, persentase penghambat makan dan tingkat efikasi insektisida. Daya repelensi tertinggi terdapat pada konsentrasi 5%  sebesar 78,25% sedangkan daya repelensi terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi 1% sebesar 28,07% pada 1 jam setelah pengamatan (JSA). Aplikasi ekstrak inggu dengan konsentrasi 3% menyebabkan mortalitas sebesar 85% pada 4 hari setelah aplikasi, sedangkan mortalitas terendah pada konsentrsi 1% sebesar 42,50% pada pengamatan 4 HSA. Persentase penghambat makan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 4% sebesar 59,34%, sedangkan yang terendah pada konsentasi 1% sebesar 24,84% pada pengamatan 1 HSA. Tingkat efikasi insektida tertinggi pada konsentrasi 5% mencapai 100% sedangkan tingkat efikasi terendah pada konsentrasi 1% mencapai 15%. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak inggu efektif dalam mengendalikan hama D.indica dengan konsentrasi 3%. Tanaman inggu bersifat sebagai insecticidal, cara kerjanya bisa sebagai racun perut, racun pernapasan dan racun kontak.Efficacy of Inggu Leaves Extract (Ruta graveolens L.) on Mortality Larvae of Diaphania Indica (Lepidoptera;Crambidae) in the LaboratoryAbstract.The rue plant (Ruta graveolens L.) is known as a medicinal plant originating from the Sapindales Order and the Rutaceae Family. Inggu leaves can be used as a vegetable pesticide because they have the potential to be insecticidal, antifungal, antibacterial, larvicidal, repellent against insect pests, one of which is Diaphania indica. This insect is oligophagous or has host plants from one Cucurbitaceae family such as melons, cucumbers, watermelons and pumpkins. This research aims to determine the effective concentration of inggu leaf extract (R. graveolens L.) in controlling D. indica insects. This research used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 levels of inggu extract concentration, namely 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%, each treatment was repeated 4 times so that there were 20 experimental units. The variables observed included repellency, mortality, percentage of feeding inhibitors and insecticide efficacy level. The results of the study showed that inggu extract had a significant effect on repellent power, mortality, percentage of feeding inhibitors and insecticide efficacy level. The highest repellency was at a 5% concentration of 78.25%, while the lowest repellency was at a 1% concentration of 28.07% at 1 hour after observation (JSA). Application of rosewood extract with a concentration of 3% caused a mortality of 85% at 4 days after application, while the lowest mortality at a concentration of 1% was 42.50% at 4 DSA observations. The highest percentage of food inhibitors at a concentration of 4% was 59.34%, while the lowest at a concentration of 1% was 24.84% at 1 DSA observation. The highest level of insecticide efficacy at a concentration of 5% reached 100%, while the lowest level of efficacy at a concentration of 1% reached 15%. It can be concluded that inggu extract is effective in controlling D.indica pests at a concentration of 3%. The inggu plant is insecticidal, how it works can be as a stomach poison, respiratory poison and contact poison
茵陈(Ruta graveolens L.)提取物在实验室中对鳞翅目:蟋蟀科(Diaphania indica)幼虫死亡率的功效
摘要颖谷草(Ruta graveolens L.)是无患子目芸香科的一种药用植物。英姑叶可用作植物杀虫剂,因为它具有杀虫、抗真菌、抗菌、杀幼虫剂和杀虫剂的潜能,可对付害虫,其中一种害虫是籼稻蝇(Diaphania indica)。这种昆虫喜食葫芦科植物,如甜瓜、黄瓜、西瓜和南瓜。本研究旨在确定锭谷叶提取物(R. graveolens L.)在控制籼蝽昆虫方面的有效浓度。本研究采用了非因子完全随机设计(CRD),inggu 提取物的浓度分为 5 个等级,即 1%、2%、3%、4% 和 5%,每个处理重复 4 次,因此共有 20 个实验单位。观察变量包括驱虫率、死亡率、取食抑制百分比和杀虫剂效力水平。结果表明,锭谷提取物对驱避力、死亡率、取食抑制百分率和杀虫效力水平有显著影响。在观察 1 小时后(JSA),浓度为 5%的驱避力最高,为 78.25%;浓度为 1%的驱避力最低,为 28.07%。施用浓度为 3% 的锭谷提取物后 4 天,死亡率为 85%,而施用浓度为 1% 的锭谷提取物后 4 小时观察死亡率最低,为 42.50%。在 1 HSA 观察时,浓度为 4% 的抑制取食率最高,为 59.34%,浓度为 1% 的抑制取食率最低,为 24.84%。5% 浓度的杀虫率最高,达到 100%;1% 浓度的杀虫率最低,只有 15%。由此可以得出结论,inggu 提取物在浓度为 3% 时能有效控制籼稻害虫。芸香科植物芸香(Ruta graveolens L.)是无患子目芸香科的一种药用植物。芸香叶可用作植物杀虫剂,因为它具有杀虫、抗真菌、抗菌、杀幼虫、驱除害虫的潜力,其中一种害虫是 Diaphania indica。这种昆虫喜食葫芦科植物,如甜瓜、黄瓜、西瓜和南瓜。本研究的目的是确定锭谷叶提取物(R. graveolens L.)在控制钝翅目昆虫方面的有效浓度。本研究采用了非因子完全随机设计(CRD),inggu 提取物浓度分为 5 个等级,即 1%、2%、3%、4% 和 5%,每个处理重复 4 次,因此共有 20 个实验单元。观察变量包括驱虫率、死亡率、取食抑制百分率和杀虫剂效力水平。研究结果表明,锭谷提取物对驱避力、死亡率、取食抑制剂百分比和杀虫剂效力水平有显著影响。在观察 1 小时后(JSA),5% 浓度的驱避力最高,为 78.25%;1% 浓度的驱避力最低,为 28.07%。施用浓度为 3% 的花梨木提取物后 4 天,死亡率为 85%,而施用浓度为 1% 的提取物后 4 天观察死亡率最低,为 42.50%。施用浓度为 4% 的紫檀提取物时,食物抑制剂的比例最高,为 59.34%;施用浓度为 1%的紫檀提取物时,食物抑制剂的比例最低,在 1 DSA 观察时为 24.84%。浓度为 5%时,杀虫效果最高,达到 100%;浓度为 1%时,杀虫效果最低,只有 15%。由此可以得出结论,当浓度为 3% 时,inggu 提取物能有效控制籼稻害虫。inggu植物具有杀虫作用,其作用方式可以是胃毒、呼吸道毒和接触毒。
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