Neuritis óptica secundaria a sífilis

Abstract

Optic neuritis is a rare manifestation of syphilis, and the involvement of the central nervous system should be considered synonymous with neurosyphilis. This infectious disease, well known as ‘the great imitator’, can affect any structure and produce multiple clinical symptoms. Here, we report a case of a 62-year-old male patient who presented to our service with decreased vision and myodesopsias in right eye. The posterior segment showed a hyperemic nerve with peripapillary hemorrhages and retinal pigment epithellium hyperplasia. The patient was recently diagnosed with HIV. Serology for syphilis was positive with posterior decreased levels of nontreponemal test following treatment with ceftriaxone. Optic neuritis can occur at any stage of syphilis and must always be considered a differential diagnosis.