TO THE FORMATION OF AN EFFICIENCY MODEL OF AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS FUNCTIONING AS A PART OF MACHINE-TRACTOR UNIT WHEN WORKING ON ALTERNATIVE FUELS

Abstract

The development of the Russian agro-industrial complex provides for increasing the efficiency of the functioning of energy machines while simultaneously reducing energy and labor costs. A promising direction for saving diesel fuel and improving the environmental performance of mobile agricultural machinery is the use of alternative motor fuel. In modern agricultural machines, this will be reflected, first of all, in the parameters of the working process and its flow in the engine, as well as in the indicators of power, fuel efficiency and environmental friendliness of its operation, which, to one degree or another, will lead to changes in the indicators characterizing the operational properties of a machine-tractor unit. The functioning of the engine as a model can be presented in the form of a multi-level and multidimensional system in which the control flows will be indicators of the work process (effective power, indicator pressure, the amount of fresh charge entering the cylinders, etc.), fuel supply parameters (cyclic supply, fuel injection pressure, fuel temperature, etc.), which depend on the physicochemical and operational properties of the alternative fuel. The proposed model provides for the determination of the rational composition of the fuel, technical solutions for adapting the fuel system for the effective supply of alternative fuel to the engine cylinders with the required indicators, as well as determining their influence on the parameters of the operational efficiency of the tractor as part of machine-tractor unit. The obtained numerical values of the parameters of the diesel operating process and fuel supply, depending on the physical-chemical properties of the alternative fuel used, make it possible to determine the performance indicators of the tractor as part of machine-tractor unit and evaluate the efficiency of its operation on various alternative types of fuels, in comparison with using petroleum diesel fuel.