Localization of multiple opsins in ocular and non-ocular tissues of deep-sea shrimps and the first evidence of co-localization in a rhabdomeric R8 cell (Caridea: Oplophoroidea)

IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES
Tom Iwanicki , Mireille Steck , Heather Bracken-Grissom , Megan L. Porter
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bioluminescence is a prevalent phenomenon throughout the marine realm and is often the dominant source of light in mesophotic and aphotic depth horizons. Shrimp belonging to the superfamily Oplophoroidea are mesopelagic, perform diel vertical migration, and secrete a bright burst of bioluminescent mucous when threatened. Species in the family Oplophoridae also possess cuticular light-emitting photophores presumably for camouflage via counter-illumination. Many species within the superfamily express a single visual pigment in the retina, consistent with most other large-bodied mesopelagic crustaceans studied to date. Photophore-bearing species have an expanded visual opsin repertoire and dual-sensitivity visual systems, as evidenced by transcriptomes and electroretinograms. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to describe opsin protein localization in the retinas of four species of Oplophoroidea and non-ocular tissues of Janicella spinicauda. Our results show that Acanthephyra purpurea (Acanthephyridae) retinas possess LWS-only photoreceptors, consistent with the singular peak sensitivity previously reported. Oplophoridae retinas contain two opsin clades (LWS and MWS) consistent with dual-sensitivity. Oplophorus gracilirostris and Systellaspis debilis have LWS in the proximal rhabdom (R1-7 cells) and MWS2 localized in the distal rhabdom (R8 cell). Surprisingly, Janicella spinicauda has LWS in the proximal rhabdom (R1-7) and co-localized MWS1 and MWS2 opsin paralogs in the distal rhabdom, providing the first evidence of co-localization of opsins in a crustacean rhabdomeric R8 cell. Furthermore, opsins were found in multiple non-ocular tissues of J. spinicauda, including nerve, tendon, and photophore. These combined data demonstrate evolutionary novelty and opsin duplication within Oplophoridae, with implications for visual ecology, evolution in mesophotic environments, and a mechanistic understanding of adaptive counter-illumination using photophore bioluminescence.

多种蛋白在深海对虾眼部和非眼部组织中的定位以及在横纹肌R8细胞中共同定位的首个证据(鲤形目:Oplophoroidea)
生物发光是整个海洋领域的普遍现象,通常是中层和噬水深层的主要光源。对虾超科(Oplophoroidea)的对虾属于中上层鱼类,进行日夜垂直洄游,受到威胁时会分泌出明亮的生物发光粘液。Oplophoridae 科的物种还具有角质发光的光生器,可能是为了通过反照明进行伪装。该超科中的许多物种在视网膜上表达单一的视觉色素,这与迄今为止研究的大多数其他大型中上层甲壳动物一致。从转录组和视网膜电图中可以看出,携带光团的物种具有更多的视觉蛋白和双敏感性视觉系统。在这项研究中,我们使用免疫组化方法描述了四种栉水母目动物视网膜和尖嘴雉非眼组织中的视蛋白定位。我们的研究结果表明,Acanthephyra purpurea(Acanthephyridae)视网膜只具有LWS感光器,这与之前报道的单峰灵敏度一致。Oplophoridae的视网膜包含两个感光蛋白支系(LWS和MWS),与双重敏感性一致。Oplophorus gracilirostris 和 Systellaspis debilis 的 LWS 位于近端横纹域(R1-7 细胞),而 MWS2 则位于远端横纹域(R8 细胞)。令人惊讶的是,Janicella spinicauda 的近端横纹肌(R1-7)中有 LWS,远端横纹肌中则有共定位的 MWS1 和 MWS2 蛋白旁系,首次证明了蛋白在甲壳类横纹肌 R8 细胞中的共定位。此外,在棘尾鱼的多个非眼组织中也发现了蛋白酶,包括神经、肌腱和感光体。这些综合数据证明了Oplophoridae内部进化的新颖性和眼蛋白的复制,对视觉生态学、中生环境中的进化以及利用光团生物发光进行适应性反照明的机理理解具有重要意义。
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来源期刊
Vision Research
Vision Research 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
16.70%
发文量
111
审稿时长
66 days
期刊介绍: Vision Research is a journal devoted to the functional aspects of human, vertebrate and invertebrate vision and publishes experimental and observational studies, reviews, and theoretical and computational analyses. Vision Research also publishes clinical studies relevant to normal visual function and basic research relevant to visual dysfunction or its clinical investigation. Functional aspects of vision is interpreted broadly, ranging from molecular and cellular function to perception and behavior. Detailed descriptions are encouraged but enough introductory background should be included for non-specialists. Theoretical and computational papers should give a sense of order to the facts or point to new verifiable observations. Papers dealing with questions in the history of vision science should stress the development of ideas in the field.
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