Inhaled aerosol viral-vectored vaccines against tuberculosis

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 VIROLOGY

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI:10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101408

Elena Stylianou, Iman Satti

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the sole licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), despite its variable efficacy in protecting against pulmonary TB. The development of effective TB vaccines faces significant challenges, marked by the absence of validated correlates of protection and predictive animal models. Strategic approaches to enhance TB vaccines and augment BCG efficacy include utilising prime-boost strategies with viral-vectored vaccines and exploring innovative delivery techniques, such as mucosal vaccine administration. Viral vectors offer numerous advantages, including the capacity to accommodate genes encoding extensive antigenic fragments and the induction of robust immune responses. Aerosol delivery aligns with the route of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and holds the potential to enhance protective mucosal immunity. Aerosolised viral-vectored vaccines overcome anti-vector immunity, facilitating repeated aerosol deliveries.

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预防结核病的吸入式气溶胶病毒载体疫苗

尽管卡介苗（Bacille Calmette-Guérin，BCG）在预防肺结核（TB）方面的效果参差不齐，但它仍然是唯一获得许可的结核病（TB）疫苗。开发有效的结核病疫苗面临着巨大的挑战，主要表现在缺乏有效的保护相关因素和预测性动物模型。加强结核病疫苗和提高卡介苗疗效的战略方法包括利用病毒载体疫苗的原代强化策略，以及探索创新的给药技术，如粘膜疫苗给药。病毒载体具有众多优势，包括可容纳编码大量抗原片段的基因和诱导强大的免疫反应。气溶胶给药符合结核分枝杆菌的感染途径，具有增强保护性粘膜免疫的潜力。气溶胶病毒载体疫苗能克服抗载体免疫，有利于重复气溶胶给药。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current opinion in virology VIROLOGY-

CiteScore

11.80

自引率

5.10%

发文量

审稿时长

83 days

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Virology (COVIRO) is a systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up to date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of virology. It publishes 6 issues per year covering the following 11 sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: Emerging viruses: interspecies transmission; Viral immunology; Viral pathogenesis; Preventive and therapeutic vaccines; Antiviral strategies; Virus structure and expression; Animal models for viral diseases; Engineering for viral resistance; Viruses and cancer; Virus vector interactions. There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field.