Primary Paraganglioma of the Prostate: A Systematic Review of the Literature for A Rare Entity.

IF 1.4 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Reviews on recent clinical trials Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.2174/0115748871293735240209052044

Ilias Giannakodimos, Afroditi Ziogou, Alexios Giannakodimos, Evangelia Mitakidi, Konstantinos Tzelepis, Evangelos Fragkiadis, Nikolaos Charalampakis

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Abstract

Background: Paragangliomas of the urinary tract are exceptionally uncommon, and sporadic case reports of primary paraganglioma of the prostate have been reported in the literature.

Methods: Systematic research in PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases concerning primary prostatic paraganglioma was performed by two independent investigators.

Results: This analysis included 25 adult males, with a mean age of 49.8 ± 22.4 years. 32% of included patients had a history of hypertension. Problems during urination (52%), blood loss (44%), either as hematuria or hemospermia, and catecholamine-related symptoms (36%) comprised the most frequently reported clinical manifestations. Digital rectal examination found a palpable nodule in 36% of patients, while prostatic specific antigen (PSA) was normal in all tested patients. Abdominal ultrasound (44%), computed tomography (44%) and magnetic resonance imaging (28%) helped to identify the primary lesion. 24-hour urine epinephrine, norepinephrine and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels were elevated in 90%, 80% and 90% of included patients. Open surgical excision of the mass was performed in 40%, transurethral resection in 8%, open radical prostatectomy in 24%, transurethral resection of the prostate in 16% and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in 4% of included patients.

Conclusion: Due to atypical clinical manifestation and scarcity of prostatic paraganglioma, urologists should be aware of this extremely rare entity.

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原发性前列腺副神经节瘤：针对罕见实体瘤的系统性文献综述。

背景：泌尿道副神经节瘤并不常见，文献中也有原发性前列腺副神经节瘤的零星病例报道：泌尿道副神经节瘤极为罕见，文献中也有原发性前列腺副神经节瘤的零星病例报道：方法：两名独立研究人员在 PubMed/Medline 和 Scopus 数据库中对原发性前列腺副神经节瘤进行了系统研究：结果：这项分析包括 25 名成年男性，平均年龄为 49.8 ± 22.4 岁。32%的患者有高血压病史。最常报告的临床表现包括排尿困难（52%）、血尿或血精（44%）以及儿茶酚胺相关症状（36%）。数字直肠检查发现 36% 的患者有可触及的结节，而所有受检患者的前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA) 均正常。腹部超声（44%）、计算机断层扫描（44%）和磁共振成像（28%）有助于确定原发病灶。90%、80%和90%的患者24小时尿液中肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和香草酸（VMA）水平升高。40%的患者采用开放手术切除肿块，8%的患者采用经尿道切除术，24%的患者采用开放前列腺癌根治术，16%的患者采用经尿道前列腺切除术，4%的患者采用机器人辅助前列腺癌根治术：结论：由于前列腺旁神经节瘤的临床表现不典型且数量稀少，泌尿科医生应警惕这种极为罕见的疾病。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Reviews on recent clinical trials PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY-

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

5.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials publishes frontier reviews on recent clinical trials of major importance. The journal"s aim is to publish the highest quality review articles in the field. Topics covered include: important Phase I – IV clinical trial studies, clinical investigations at all stages of development and therapeutics. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians involved in drug therapy and clinical trials.