Komal Aziz Gill, Danuta J Michczyńska, Adam Michczyński, Natalia Piotrowska
{"title":"MONITORING OF MODERN CARBON FRACTION IN DISPOSABLE PACKAGING","authors":"Komal Aziz Gill, Danuta J Michczyńska, Adam Michczyński, Natalia Piotrowska","doi":"10.1017/rdc.2024.35","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Radiocarbon (<jats:sup>14</jats:sup>C) methodology was used to investigate the presence of biocarbon in different bio-based disposable packaging products. Packaging waste contributes to a municipal solid waste, which is increasing environmental concerns and resulting in the enhancement of EU regulations that aim to reduce packaging waste. The <jats:sup>14</jats:sup>C amount in samples reflects how much of the biocarbon has been used. In this study, the concentration of <jats:sup>14</jats:sup>C was determined in commonly used types of disposable packaging, such as cups, plates, straws, cutlery, and baking paper. Samples were made of materials such as paper, wheat bran, sugarcane, and wood. The mean concentration of the <jats:sup>14</jats:sup>C isotope, measured by the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) technique, is greater than 100 pMC in all tested samples, indicating that the samples are modern. The relatively high <jats:sup>14</jats:sup>C concentration values in the waterproof layer of the sample indicate that bioplastic, rather than plastic, was used in its production. The highest <jats:sup>14</jats:sup>C isotope concentration values were measured for samples that used the oldest biomass (wood and paper), and the lowest for products from current crops (sugarcane and wheat bran), which is consistent with the trend of changes in <jats:sup>14</jats:sup>C concentration in the biosphere. The study also addresses the problem of heterogeneity and representativeness of subsamples.","PeriodicalId":21020,"journal":{"name":"Radiocarbon","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Radiocarbon","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2024.35","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Radiocarbon (14C) methodology was used to investigate the presence of biocarbon in different bio-based disposable packaging products. Packaging waste contributes to a municipal solid waste, which is increasing environmental concerns and resulting in the enhancement of EU regulations that aim to reduce packaging waste. The 14C amount in samples reflects how much of the biocarbon has been used. In this study, the concentration of 14C was determined in commonly used types of disposable packaging, such as cups, plates, straws, cutlery, and baking paper. Samples were made of materials such as paper, wheat bran, sugarcane, and wood. The mean concentration of the 14C isotope, measured by the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) technique, is greater than 100 pMC in all tested samples, indicating that the samples are modern. The relatively high 14C concentration values in the waterproof layer of the sample indicate that bioplastic, rather than plastic, was used in its production. The highest 14C isotope concentration values were measured for samples that used the oldest biomass (wood and paper), and the lowest for products from current crops (sugarcane and wheat bran), which is consistent with the trend of changes in 14C concentration in the biosphere. The study also addresses the problem of heterogeneity and representativeness of subsamples.
期刊介绍:
Radiocarbon serves as the leading international journal for technical and interpretive articles, date lists, and advancements in 14C and other radioisotopes relevant to archaeological, geophysical, oceanographic, and related dating methods. Established in 1959, it has published numerous seminal works and hosts the triennial International Radiocarbon Conference proceedings. The journal also features occasional special issues. Submissions encompass regular articles such as research reports, technical descriptions, and date lists, along with comments, letters to the editor, book reviews, and laboratory lists.