Hormone replacement therapy and periodontitis progression in postmenopausal women: A prospective cohort study

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of periodontal research Pub Date : 2024-03-24 DOI:10.1111/jre.13258

Ying Man, Cui Zhang, Cheng Cheng, Laiqi Yan, Min Zong, Feifei Niu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the responses of periodontal environment to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women with or without periodontitis.

Background

HRT is a common and effective strategy for controlling menopausal symptoms, while the changes of periodontal environment under it, particularly in postmenopausal women with periodontitis, remain unclear.

Methods

As a prospective cohort study, a total of 97 postmenopausal women receiving HRT were screened, including 47 with and 50 without periodontitis. Correspondingly, 97 women did not receiving HRT were screened as controls during the same period. The full-mouth sulcus bleeding index (SBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured using periodontal probes. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the gingival crevicular fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, cone beam computed tomography was performed to measure the alveolar bone height (ABH) and bone mineral density (BMD).

Results

In postmenopausal women without periodontitis, no significantly changes on periodontal parameters were observed after HRT. In women with stage II periodontitis, SBI, BOP, IL-6, and TNF-α were significant decreased after one year and two years of HRT. Compared to the controls, women with stage II periodontitis who underwent HRT had significantly lower CAL and ABH and higher BMD in the second year. The incidence of at least one site with CAL increase ≥1 mm between baseline and 2 years was significantly lower in the HRT group than in the control group in women with stage II periodontitis. In addition, HRT was significantly associated with a decrease in SBI, BOP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the first year and with a decrease in CAL, SBI, BOP, IL-6, and ABH and an increase in BMD in the second year.

Conclusions

In postmenopausal women with stage II periodontitis, HRT is associated with the alleviation of inflammation within two years and the remission of alveolar bone loss in the second year. HRT appears to decrease the incidence of CAL increase ≥1 mm within 2 years in women with periodontitis by inhibiting inflammation and alveolar bone loss.

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绝经后妇女的激素替代疗法与牙周炎进展：一项前瞻性队列研究。

研究目的本研究旨在调查有或无牙周炎的绝经后妇女的牙周环境对激素替代疗法（HRT）的反应：背景：激素替代疗法是控制更年期症状的一种常见且有效的策略，但在该疗法下牙周环境的变化，尤其是患有牙周炎的绝经后妇女的牙周环境变化仍不清楚：作为一项前瞻性队列研究，共筛查了 97 名接受 HRT 的绝经后妇女，其中 47 人患有牙周炎，50 人没有牙周炎。相应地，在同一时期还对 97 名未接受 HRT 的女性进行了对照筛查。使用牙周探针测量了全口龈沟出血指数（SBI）、探诊出血量（BOP）、探诊袋深度（PPD）和临床附着水平（CAL）。使用酶联免疫吸附法测定了龈沟液中白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的水平。此外，还进行了锥形束计算机断层扫描，以测量牙槽骨高度（ABH）和骨矿物质密度（BMD）：结果：在没有牙周炎的绝经后妇女中，HRT 对牙周参数没有明显影响。在患有二期牙周炎的妇女中，HRT 一年和两年后，SBI、BOP、IL-6 和 TNF-α 均明显下降。与对照组相比，接受 HRT 的 II 期牙周炎女性在第二年的 CAL 和 ABH 显著降低，而 BMD 则显著升高。在患有二期牙周炎的妇女中，从基线到两年期间至少有一个部位的 CAL 增高≥1 毫米，HRT 组的发生率明显低于对照组。此外，HRT与第一年SBI、BOP、IL-6和TNF-α的下降以及第二年CAL、SBI、BOP、IL-6和ABH的下降和BMD的增加有明显相关性：结论：对于患有二期牙周炎的绝经后妇女，HRT能在两年内缓解炎症，并在第二年缓解牙槽骨流失。通过抑制炎症和牙槽骨流失，HRT似乎可以降低患有牙周炎的女性在两年内CAL增加≥1毫米的发生率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of periodontal research 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

5.70%

发文量

103

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Periodontal Research is an international research periodical the purpose of which is to publish original clinical and basic investigations and review articles concerned with every aspect of periodontology and related sciences. Brief communications (1-3 journal pages) are also accepted and a special effort is made to ensure their rapid publication. Reports of scientific meetings in periodontology and related fields are also published. One volume of six issues is published annually.