{"title":"Protective effects of physical activity on episodic memory during aging are explained by executive functioning.","authors":"Ilona Moutoussamy, Laurence Taconnat, Lucie Angel, Kristell Pothier, Lucette Toussaint, Séverine Fay","doi":"10.1186/s11556-024-00341-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is marked by a memory decline related to an executive function decline. Physical activity (PA) has beneficial effects on both executive functions and memory, especially in aging. The protective effects of PA on these two cognitive abilities have always been studied separately, despite the well-established relationship between memory and executive functions. Our objective was to explore whether the benefits of PA on memory could be explained by reduced age-related changes in executive functions.Nineteen young adults (27.16 years old) and 25 older adults (69.64 years old) performed a resource-dependent memory task, three executive tasks and completed a PA questionnaire (measuring sports and leisure PA). Age group and PA effects on memory and executive performance were analyzed with generalized linear models. Mediation analyses were calculated using method of causal steps approach with a non-parametric bootstrapping procedure.The results confirmed the effects of age and PA on memory and executive performance. A significant interaction confirmed the protective effect of PA on age-related cognitive performance. PA was positively correlated with performance in both memory and executive tasks, but only in the older adults. Although each predictor alone (age, executive functions and PA) significantly explained memory performance in older adults, only the effect of PA on memory performance remained significant when all the predictors were introduced in the analyses.PA mediates the effects of age and executive functions on memory performance. This suggests that PA protects older adults against memory decline by reducing the decline in executive functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":"21 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10924320/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-024-00341-y","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aging is marked by a memory decline related to an executive function decline. Physical activity (PA) has beneficial effects on both executive functions and memory, especially in aging. The protective effects of PA on these two cognitive abilities have always been studied separately, despite the well-established relationship between memory and executive functions. Our objective was to explore whether the benefits of PA on memory could be explained by reduced age-related changes in executive functions.Nineteen young adults (27.16 years old) and 25 older adults (69.64 years old) performed a resource-dependent memory task, three executive tasks and completed a PA questionnaire (measuring sports and leisure PA). Age group and PA effects on memory and executive performance were analyzed with generalized linear models. Mediation analyses were calculated using method of causal steps approach with a non-parametric bootstrapping procedure.The results confirmed the effects of age and PA on memory and executive performance. A significant interaction confirmed the protective effect of PA on age-related cognitive performance. PA was positively correlated with performance in both memory and executive tasks, but only in the older adults. Although each predictor alone (age, executive functions and PA) significantly explained memory performance in older adults, only the effect of PA on memory performance remained significant when all the predictors were introduced in the analyses.PA mediates the effects of age and executive functions on memory performance. This suggests that PA protects older adults against memory decline by reducing the decline in executive functioning.
衰老的特征是记忆力下降，而记忆力下降与执行功能下降有关。体育锻炼（PA）对执行功能和记忆力都有益处，尤其是在衰老过程中。尽管记忆力和执行功能之间的关系已得到证实，但人们一直将体育锻炼对这两种认知能力的保护作用分开研究。我们的目的是探索 PA 对记忆力的益处是否可以通过减少执行功能中与年龄相关的变化来解释。19 名年轻人（27.16 岁）和 25 名老年人（69.64 岁）完成了一项资源依赖型记忆任务、三项执行任务，并填写了一份 PA 问卷（测量运动和休闲 PA）。采用广义线性模型分析了年龄组和 PA 对记忆力和执行力的影响。结果证实了年龄组和 PA 对记忆力和执行力的影响。结果证实了年龄和 PA 对记忆力和执行力的影响，两者之间明显的交互作用证实了 PA 对年龄相关认知能力的保护作用。PA与记忆和执行任务的表现均呈正相关，但仅适用于老年人。虽然每个单独的预测因子（年龄、执行功能和 PA）都能显著解释老年人的记忆表现，但在分析中引入所有预测因子时，只有 PA 对记忆表现的影响仍然显著。这表明，PA 可通过减少执行功能的下降来保护老年人，防止其记忆力下降。
期刊介绍：
European Review of Aging and Physical Activity (EURAPA) disseminates research on the biomedical and behavioural aspects of physical activity and aging. The main issues addressed by EURAPA are the impact of physical activity or exercise on cognitive, physical, and psycho-social functioning of older people, physical activity patterns in advanced age, and the relationship between physical activity and health.
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