Identifying the key sources of metal (loid) deposition to remote Tasmanian lakes: is legacy mining a problem?

IF 1.7 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Harrison Stevens, Leon A. Barmuta, Zanna Chase, Krystyna M. Saunders, Atun Zawadzki, Patricia Gadd, Bernadette C. Proemse
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Abstract

Reports have shown that even remote lakes have been negatively affected by anthropogenic activities. This study used metal concentrations and enrichment factors to comprehensively determine key metal sources and identify potential impacts of recent anthropogenic activity in remote Central Highland Tasmanian (Australia) lakes. Metal concentrations (Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) in these lakes remain below Australian interim sediment quality guidelines but have been slowly increasing since the start of the twentieth century. This increase is likely related to increasing organic matter content, rather than any direct, increased input of metals. The largest anthropogenic impact to these systems was damming, which typically led to an increase in organic matter content either directly, by the trapping of particles and nutrients, or indirectly, by stimulating primary production in the lake. This increased organic matter content, in turn, increased the retention of metals, manifesting as an increase to measured metal concentrations. Minor impacts are the historical use of lead shot, leaded petrol, and industrial processes, which may have contributed to the higher Pb enrichment, compared to the other studied metals, in these lakes. Despite recent concerns of metal contamination in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area from distant mining activities, there is no strong evidence in this study indicating that lakes in the Central Highlands (a similar distance away) have been impacted by long-distance atmospheric deposition. This is likely related to the decreased rainfall, and thus decreased rates of wet deposition of aerosols in the east of Tasmania, compared to that of the west and in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area.

Abstract Image

确定塔斯马尼亚偏远湖泊金属(loid)沉积的主要来源:遗留采矿是否是一个问题?
有报告显示,即使是偏远的湖泊也受到人为活动的负面影响。本研究利用金属浓度和富集因子来全面确定主要金属来源,并识别近期人类活动对澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚中部高地偏远湖泊的潜在影响。这些湖泊中的金属浓度(铝、砷、镉、铜、铁、铅和锌)仍低于澳大利亚临时沉积物质量标准,但自二十世纪初以来一直在缓慢增加。这种增加可能与有机物含量的增加有关,而不是与金属的直接输入增加有关。人类活动对这些系统造成的最大影响是筑坝,这通常会直接或间接地导致有机质含量的增加,因为筑坝会截留颗粒和营养物质,或刺激湖泊中的初级生产。有机物含量的增加反过来又增加了金属的滞留,表现为测量到的金属浓度增加。历史上使用铅丸、含铅汽油和工业生产过程造成的次要影响,可能是导致这些湖泊中铅富集程度高于其他研究金属的原因。尽管最近塔斯马尼亚荒野世界遗产区的金属污染问题受到了远距离采矿活动的关注,但本研究并没有有力的证据表明中央高地(距离类似)的湖泊受到了远距离大气沉积的影响。这可能与塔斯马尼亚东部降雨量减少有关,因此,与西部和塔斯马尼亚荒野世界遗产区相比,塔斯马尼亚东部的气溶胶湿沉积率降低。
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来源期刊
Journal of Paleolimnology
Journal of Paleolimnology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
9.50%
发文量
44
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The realization that a historical perspective is often useful, if not essential, to the understanding of most limnological processes has resulted in the recent surge of interest in paleolimnology. The main aim of the Journal of Paleolimnology is the provision of a vehicle for the rapid dissemination of original scientific work dealing with the reconstruction of lake histories. Although the majority of papers deal with lakes, paleoenvironmental studies of river, wetland, peatland and estuary systems are also eligible for publication. The Journal of Paleolimnology, like the subject itself, is multidisciplinary in nature, and papers are published that are concerned with all aspects (e.g. biological, chemical, physical, geological, etc.) of the reconstruction and interpretation of lake histories. Both applied and more theoretical papers are equally encouraged. The Journal of Paleolimnology will continue to be a major repository for papers dealing with climatic change, as well as other pressing topics, such as global environmental change, lake acidification, eutrophication, long-term monitoring, and other aspects of lake ontogeny. Taxonomic and methodological papers are also acceptable provided they are of relatively broad interest. New equipment designs are frequently featured. In addition to original data and ideas, the Journal of Paleolimnology also publishes review articles, commentaries and program announcements. A relevant Book Review Section is also featured.
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