{"title":"Ecological intensification: multifunctional flower strips support beneficial arthropods in an organic apple orchard","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11258-024-01402-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Flower strips are a fundamental part of agri-environment schemes in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Although vegetation is central for many arthropod groups, a few studies have evaluated the effects of flower strip structural and functional attributes on arthropod communities. In this study, we explored the relationship between flower strip attributes and the abundance of different arthropod functional groups in annual flower strips located in an organic apple orchard. We surveyed plant and arthropod communities in 30 1 m × 6 m plots. In each plot, we collected data on species composition and vegetation structure (e.g., total cover, density, number of floral displays). For each plant species, we also retrieved data on leaf palatability and nutritional value. Arthropods were collected using sweep netting technique. Structural and functional attributes of the flower strip revealed a crucial role in regulating arthropod abundance, which however depended on the specific arthropod functional group. We identified three main attributes (plant species richness, composition, and vegetation density) of flower strips that should be considered when implementing multifunctional flower strips. Specifically, plant species richness to ensure complementarity of resources and niches, plant species composition to ensure complementary floral resources, and vegetation density to ensure sheltering microhabitats and suitable microclimatic conditions and to increase the density of floral resources. Our results suggest that by considering structural and functional attributes of flower strips, it is possible to design multifunctional flower strips with greater effectiveness as measures for ecological intensification.</p>","PeriodicalId":20233,"journal":{"name":"Plant Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant Ecology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-024-01402-z","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Flower strips are a fundamental part of agri-environment schemes in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Although vegetation is central for many arthropod groups, a few studies have evaluated the effects of flower strip structural and functional attributes on arthropod communities. In this study, we explored the relationship between flower strip attributes and the abundance of different arthropod functional groups in annual flower strips located in an organic apple orchard. We surveyed plant and arthropod communities in 30 1 m × 6 m plots. In each plot, we collected data on species composition and vegetation structure (e.g., total cover, density, number of floral displays). For each plant species, we also retrieved data on leaf palatability and nutritional value. Arthropods were collected using sweep netting technique. Structural and functional attributes of the flower strip revealed a crucial role in regulating arthropod abundance, which however depended on the specific arthropod functional group. We identified three main attributes (plant species richness, composition, and vegetation density) of flower strips that should be considered when implementing multifunctional flower strips. Specifically, plant species richness to ensure complementarity of resources and niches, plant species composition to ensure complementary floral resources, and vegetation density to ensure sheltering microhabitats and suitable microclimatic conditions and to increase the density of floral resources. Our results suggest that by considering structural and functional attributes of flower strips, it is possible to design multifunctional flower strips with greater effectiveness as measures for ecological intensification.
摘要 花带是共同农业政策（CAP）农业环境计划的基本组成部分。虽然植被对许多节肢动物群落至关重要，但很少有研究评估花带的结构和功能属性对节肢动物群落的影响。在这项研究中，我们探讨了有机苹果园一年生花卉带中花卉带属性与不同节肢动物功能群丰度之间的关系。我们调查了 30 个 1 m × 6 m 小块中的植物和节肢动物群落。在每个小区内，我们都收集了物种组成和植被结构（如总覆盖度、密度、花卉数量）的数据。对于每种植物，我们还检索了叶片适口性和营养价值的数据。节肢动物采用扫网技术收集。花带的结构和功能属性揭示了在调节节肢动物数量方面的关键作用，但这取决于特定的节肢动物功能群。我们确定了在实施多功能花卉带时应考虑的花卉带的三个主要属性（植物物种丰富度、组成和植被密度）。具体来说，植物物种丰富度可确保资源和生态位的互补性，植物物种组成可确保花卉资源的互补性，植被密度可确保遮蔽性微生境和适宜的微气候条件，并增加花卉资源的密度。我们的研究结果表明，通过考虑花带的结构和功能属性，可以设计出更有效的多功能花带，作为生态强化措施。
期刊介绍：
Plant Ecology publishes original scientific papers that report and interpret the findings of pure and applied research into the ecology of vascular plants in terrestrial and wetland ecosystems. Empirical, experimental, theoretical and review papers reporting on ecophysiology, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, molecular and historical ecology are within the scope of the journal.
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