Antimicrobial Resistance and the Prevalence of the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene among Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Lithuania.

Polish journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-03-04 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI:10.33073/pjm-2024-003
Agnė Kirkliauskienė, Jonas Kriščiūnas, Jolanta Miciulevičienė, Daiva Radzišauskienė, Tomas Kačergius, Maksim Bratchikov, Lina Kaplerienė
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Abstract

This study aimed to determine resistance to antimicrobials of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical specimens in Lithuanian hospitals and to identify the genes conferring resistance and virulence. The study was carried out from June 2019 to September 2021. S. aureus strains were isolated from skin, soft tissues, blood, lower respiratory tract, urine and other specimens. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disc diffusion method according to EUCAST guidelines. All isolates were analyzed for detection of the ermA, ermC, mecA, mecC, tetK, tetM, and lukF-PV genes by multiplex real-time PCR. The 16S rRNA coding sequence was applied as an internal PCR control. Altogether, 745 S. aureus strains were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all isolates were susceptible to rifampin and vancomycin. Of the 745 strains, 94.8% were susceptible to tetracycline, 94.5% to clindamycin, and 88.3% to erythromycin. The lowest susceptibility rate was found for penicillin (25.8%). Six percent of the tested strains were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The majority of methicillin-resistant strains were isolated from skin and soft tissues (73.3%), with a smaller portion isolated from blood (17.8%) and respiratory tract (8.9%). The ermC gene was detected in 41.1% of erythromycin-resistant S. aureus strains, whereas ermA was detected in 32.2% of erythromycin-resistant S. aureus strains. 69.2% of tetracycline-resistant S. aureus strains had tetK gene, and 28.2% had tetM gene. 7.3% of S. aureus isolates harbored lukF-PV gene. The frequency of the pvl gene detection was significantly higher in MRSA isolates than in methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates (p < 0.0001).

立陶宛金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株的抗菌药耐药性和 Panton-Valentine Leukocidin 基因的流行情况。
本研究旨在确定从立陶宛医院临床标本中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株对抗菌药物的耐药性,并鉴定赋予耐药性和毒力的基因。研究于 2019 年 6 月至 2021 年 9 月进行。从皮肤、软组织、血液、下呼吸道、尿液和其他标本中分离出了金黄色葡萄球菌菌株。抗生素敏感性测试根据欧盟抗菌药物委员会(EUCAST)的指导原则,采用盘扩散法进行。采用多重实时 PCR 技术对所有分离菌株的 ermA、ermC、mecA、mecC、tetK、tetM 和 lukF-PV 基因进行了检测分析。16S rRNA 编码序列被用作内部 PCR 对照。共分析了 745 株金黄色葡萄球菌。抗菌药敏感性测试显示,所有分离菌株均对利福平和万古霉素敏感。在 745 株菌株中,94.8% 对四环素敏感,94.5% 对克林霉素敏感,88.3% 对红霉素敏感。青霉素的敏感率最低(25.8%)。测试菌株中有 6% 为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)。大多数耐甲氧西林菌株是从皮肤和软组织中分离出来的(73.3%),一小部分是从血液(17.8%)和呼吸道(8.9%)中分离出来的。在 41.1%的耐红霉素金黄色葡萄球菌菌株中检测到 ermC 基因,而在 32.2%的耐红霉素金黄色葡萄球菌菌株中检测到 ermA 基因。69.2% 的耐四环素金黄色葡萄球菌菌株含有 tetK 基因,28.2% 含有 tetM 基因。7.3% 的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株含有 lukF-PV 基因。在 MRSA 分离物中检测到 pvl 基因的频率明显高于甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌分离物(p < 0.0001)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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