Anti-inflammatory cerium-containing nano-scaled mesoporous bioactive glass for promoting regenerative capability of dental pulp cells

IF 5.4 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International endodontic journal Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI:10.1111/iej.14055

Yiyuan Duan, Kai Zheng, Wenzhu Hu, Jake Jinkun Chen, Xiaolin Lu, Mingxin Wang, Yuxin Yang, Jingyao Guo, Yanlai Lu, Qian Ma

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and odontoblastic effects of cerium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ce-MBGNs) on dental pulp cells as novel pulp-capping agents.

Methodology

Ce-MBGNs were synthesized using a post-impregnation strategy based on the antioxidant properties of Ce ions and proposed the first use of Ce-MBGNs for pulp-capping application. The biocompatibility of Ce-MBGNs was analysed using the CCK-8 assay and apoptosis detection. Additionally, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability of Ce-MBGNs was measured using the 2,7-Dichlorofuorescin Diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ce-MBGNs on THP-1 cells was further investigated using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Moreover, the effect of Ce-MBGNs on the odontoblastic differentiation of the dental pulp cells (DPCs) was assessed by combined scratch assays, RT-qPCR, western blotting, immunocytochemistry, Alizarin Red S staining and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase staining. Analytically, the secretions of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

Ce-MBGNs were confirmed to effectively scavenge ROS in THP-1-derived macrophages and DPCs. Flow cytometry and RT-qPCR assays revealed that Ce-MBGNs significantly inhibited the M1 polarization of macrophages (Mφ). Furthermore, the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were downregulated in THP-1-derived macrophages after stimulation with Ce-MBGNs. With a step-forward virtue of promoting the odontoblastic differentiation of DPCs, we further confirmed that Ce-MBGNs could regulate the formation of a conductive immune microenvironment with respect to tissue repair in DPCs, which was mediated by macrophages.

Conclusions

Ce-MBGNs protected cells from self-produced oxidative damage and exhibited excellent immunomodulatory and odontoblastic differentiation effects on DPCs. As a pulp-capping agent, this novel biomaterial can exert anti-inflammatory effects and promote restorative dentine regeneration in clinical treatment. We believe that this study will stimulate further correlative research on the development of advanced pulp-capping agents.

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用于促进牙髓细胞再生能力的抗炎含铈纳米鳞片介孔生物活性玻璃。

目的：本研究旨在探讨作为新型牙髓覆盖剂的含铈介孔生物活性玻璃纳米粒子（Ce-MPGNs）对牙髓细胞的抗炎和牙髓形成作用：根据铈离子的抗氧化特性，采用后浸渍策略合成了Ce-MPGNs，并首次提出将Ce-MPGNs用于牙髓覆盖剂。利用 CCK-8 试验和细胞凋亡检测分析了 Ce-MBGNs 的生物相容性。此外，还使用 2,7-Dichlorofuorescin Diacetate（DCFH-DA）探针测量了 Ce-MBGNs 清除活性氧（ROS）的能力。使用流式细胞术和实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）进一步研究了 Ce-MBGNs 对 THP-1 细胞的抗炎作用。此外，还通过划痕试验、RT-qPCR、Western 印迹、免疫细胞化学、茜素红 S 染色和组织非特异性碱性磷酸酶染色等方法，评估了 Ce-MBGNs 对牙髓细胞（DPCs）牙髓分化的影响。用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测了肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的分泌物：结果：证实 Ce-MBGNs 能有效清除 THP-1 巨噬细胞和 DPCs 中的 ROS。流式细胞术和 RT-qPCR 检测显示，Ce-MBGNs 能显著抑制巨噬细胞的 M1 极化（Mφ）。此外，经 Ce-MBGNs 刺激后，THP-1 衍生巨噬细胞中 TNF-α 和 IL-1β 蛋白水平下调。我们进一步证实，Ce-MBGNs具有促进DPCs牙骨质分化的作用，它可以调节DPCs组织修复方面的传导性免疫微环境的形成，而这种微环境是由巨噬细胞介导的：结论：Ce-MBGNs能保护细胞免受自身产生的氧化损伤，并对DPCs表现出良好的免疫调节和牙本质分化作用。作为一种牙髓覆盖剂，这种新型生物材料可在临床治疗中发挥抗炎作用并促进牙本质再生修复。我们相信，这项研究将激励人们进一步开展相关研究，开发先进的牙髓覆盖剂。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International endodontic journal 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

28.00%

发文量

195

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Endodontic Journal is published monthly and strives to publish original articles of the highest quality to disseminate scientific and clinical knowledge; all manuscripts are subjected to peer review. Original scientific articles are published in the areas of biomedical science, applied materials science, bioengineering, epidemiology and social science relevant to endodontic disease and its management, and to the restoration of root-treated teeth. In addition, review articles, reports of clinical cases, book reviews, summaries and abstracts of scientific meetings and news items are accepted. The International Endodontic Journal is essential reading for general dental practitioners, specialist endodontists, research, scientists and dental teachers.