Effects of extended practice and unitization on relational memory in older adults and neuropsychological lesion cases.

IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI:10.1080/13825585.2024.2319892
Supreet Aashat, Maria C D'Angelo, R Shayna Rosenbaum, Jennifer D Ryan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Unitization - the fusion of objects into a single unit through an action/consequence sequence - can mitigate relational memory impairments, but the circumstances under which unitization is effective are unclear. Using transverse patterning (TP), we compared unitization (and its component processes of fusion, motion, and action/consequence) with extended practice on relational learning and transfer in older adults and neuropsychological cases with lesions (to varying extents) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) or hippocampus/medial temporal lobe (HC/MTL). The latter included a person with bilateral HC lesions primarily within the dentate gyrus. For older adults, TP accuracy increased, and transfer benefits were observed, with extended practice and unitization. Broadly, the lesion cases did not benefit from either extended practice or unitization, suggesting the mPFC and dentate gyrus play important roles in relational memory and in unitization. The results suggest that personalized strategy interventions must align with the cognitive and neural profiles of the user.

扩展练习和单元化对老年人和神经心理病变病例的关系记忆的影响。
单元化--通过动作/结果序列将对象融合为一个单元--可以减轻关系记忆障碍,但单元化在什么情况下有效尚不清楚。利用横向模式化(TP),我们比较了单元化(及其融合、运动和动作/序列等组成过程)与扩展练习对老年人和内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)或海马/内侧颞叶(HC/MTL)病变(程度不一)的神经心理学病例的关系学习和迁移的影响。后者包括一名主要在齿状回内有双侧 HC 损伤的人。对于老年人来说,随着练习时间的延长和单位化的加强,TP 的准确性会提高,并能观察到迁移的益处。总体而言,病变病例并未从扩展练习或单元化中获益,这表明 mPFC 和齿状回在关系记忆和单元化中发挥着重要作用。研究结果表明,个性化策略干预必须与使用者的认知和神经特征相一致。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
5.30%
发文量
52
期刊介绍: The purposes of Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition are to (a) publish research on both the normal and dysfunctional aspects of cognitive development in adulthood and aging, and (b) promote the integration of theories, methods, and research findings between the fields of cognitive gerontology and neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of the journal is to publish original empirical research. Occasionally, theoretical or methodological papers, critical reviews of a content area, or theoretically relevant case studies will also be published.
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