The Effect of Nitrogen-Enriched Partially Burnt Paddy Husk on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza Sativa)

Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI:10.31357/fesympo.v27.7110

Jayarathna J.G.S.N., Godakumbura P.I., Ratnayake W.M.U.K.

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Abstract

Paddy husk can be defined as a material that can be easily accessed by small-scale, resource-poor farmers in Sri Lanka. It is being produced in large quantities during the production of milled rice as by-products. Currently, most paddy husk is underutilized or left unused due to their intrinsic properties. Partially burnt paddy husk (PBPH) is an organic material that is prepared by incomplete combustion of paddy husk. The use of PBPH as a soil amendment to fix soil fertility problems has been well recognized. It contains a higher porous structure and an enhanced adsorption capacity, therefore, has the ability to slow down nutrient leaching by capturing nutrients in its porous structure. In the present study, a farmer-friendly, biochar-based organic nitrogen fertilizer was developed by nitrogen-enriching PBPH using nitrogen-rich liquid fertilizers in order to determine its effect on the growth and yield of rice. A pot experiment was conducted at the Rice Research and Development Institute, Bathalagoda based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and five replicates.The treatments included T1 (Gliricidia extract+PBPH), T2 (cow urine+PBPH), T3 (poultry manure+PBPH), T4 (fish tonic+PBPH), T5 (compost tea+PBPH), T6 (urea+PBPH), T7 (PBPH only) and T8 (no treatment). Nitrogen (N) content of raw materials, liquid fertilizers, N-enriched PBPH, and N uptake of plants were determined using Kjeldahl method. Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents of PBPH were determined by using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and Flame Photometer, respectively. Plant height and greenness (SPAD results) were recorded as growth parameters and finally, number of tillers, panicles, grains per pot and grain weight per pot were obtained as the yield parameters. Significantly, the highest N content was found in urea liquid fertilizer (3.42%) whereas the lowest was found in Gliricidia extract (0.35%). Significantly, the highest N content (1.735%) of N-enriched PBPHs was found in T6 (urea+PBPH), while the lowest (0.058%) was found in T7 (PBPH only). Significantly, the highest N uptakes (1.98% and 1.86%) of rice plants were found in T6 (urea+PBPH) and T4 (fish tonic+PBPH) respectively while the lowest (0.56%) was found in the T8 (no treatment). SPAD readings, the number of panicles, tillers and grain yield, and biomass were significantly increased in all treatments over T7 (PBPH only) and T8 (no treatment) treatments. The overall study concluded that the application of N-enriched PBPH has improved the growth and yield of rice, therefore it can be used as a farmer-friendly, sustainable, and organic nitrogen source in paddy cultivation in Sri Lanka. Keywords: Nitrogen, Partially burnt paddy husk, Nitrogen enrichment

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富氮部分焚烧稻壳对水稻生长和产量的影响

稻壳可以被定义为斯里兰卡资源匮乏的小农可以轻松获得的一种材料。稻壳是碾米生产过程中产生的大量副产品。目前，由于稻壳的固有特性，大部分稻壳未得到充分利用或被闲置。部分燃烧稻壳（PBPH）是一种有机材料，由未完全燃烧的稻壳制备而成。使用部分燃烧稻壳作为土壤改良剂来解决土壤肥力问题已得到广泛认可。稻壳具有较高的多孔结构和较强的吸附能力，因此能够通过其多孔结构捕获养分，从而减缓养分沥滤。在本研究中，通过使用富含氮的液体肥料对 PBPH 进行富氮处理，开发了一种对农民友好的生物炭基有机氮肥，以确定其对水稻生长和产量的影响。在 Bathalagoda 的水稻研究与发展研究所进行了盆栽实验，采用完全随机设计（CRD），共设 8 个处理和 5 个重复。处理包括 T1（Gliricidia 提取物+PBPH）、T2（牛尿+PBPH）、T3（家禽粪便+PBPH）、T4（鱼补+PBPH）、T5（堆肥茶+PBPH）、T6（尿素+PBPH）、T7（仅 PBPH）和 T8（无处理）。采用凯氏定氮法测定了原料、液体肥料、富氮 PBPH 中的氮含量和植物对氮的吸收量。磷（P）和钾（K）含量分别用紫外可见分光光度计和火焰光度计测定。植株高度和绿度（SPAD 结果）被记录为生长参数，分蘖数、圆锥花序、每盆粒数和每盆粒重被记录为产量参数。值得注意的是，尿素液体肥料中的氮含量最高（3.42%），而 Gliricidia 提取物中的氮含量最低（0.35%）。值得注意的是，富含氮的 PBPHs 在 T6（尿素+PBPH）中的氮含量最高（1.735%），而在 T7（仅 PBPH）中的氮含量最低（0.058%）。值得注意的是，T6（尿素+PBPH）和 T4（鱼腥草+PBPH）的水稻植株对氮的吸收率分别最高（1.98% 和 1.86%），而 T8（无处理）最低（0.56%）。与 T7（仅 PBPH）和 T8（无处理）相比，所有处理的 SPAD 读数、圆锥花序数、分蘖数、谷物产量和生物量均显著增加。研究得出的总体结论是，施用富氮 PBPH 改善了水稻的生长和产量，因此它可用作斯里兰卡水稻种植中对农民友好的、可持续的有机氮源。关键词氮；部分焚烧稻壳；富氮

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Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium

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