Analysis of triadic interaction between parents, their preterm infants, and a sonorous object

María Jánez-Álvarez, Iván Moreno-Llanos, Cristina Santacatalina-Pulido, Yinay José De León-Barrios, Eduardo García-Laredo, María Jesús Del Olmo-Barros, Cintia Rodríguez-Garrido
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Abstract

In the period between birth and approximately 9 months, adults introduce infants to triadic (adult–infant–object) communication. The objective of this study is to explore how early triadic interactions arise and develop in moderate–late preterm infants. We observed and analyzed seven preterm infants at 2, 3, and 4 months of age in triadic interactions with a caregiver and a sonorous object. In the first 2 months of the infant’s life, the responsibility for the interaction rests with the adult. As time went by, parents used a wider range of semiotic systems to communicate with the child, about and through the object. The results demonstrated the presence of triadic interactions in a preterm population beginning in the third month of life. Interaction is structured with the object, its sound, rhythm, and pauses. The parents’ use of pauses was adjusted to the child’s availability. These pauses became longer and more communicative over time, which allowed more participation on the part of the infants. Communication is facilitated by the rhythmic components of the triadic interaction (time/pauses/structure of the interaction sequence).
分析父母、早产儿和声音物体之间的三元交互作用
在婴儿出生到大约 9 个月期间,成人会向婴儿介绍三元组(成人-范例-对象)交流。本研究的目的是探索中晚期早产儿的早期三方互动是如何产生和发展的。我们观察并分析了七名早产儿在 2、3 和 4 个月大时与一名照护者和一个发出声音的物体进行三元组互动的情况。在婴儿出生后的头两个月,互动的责任由成人承担。随着时间的推移,父母使用了更广泛的符号系统来与孩子交流,并通过物体进行交流。研究结果表明,早产儿从出生后第三个月开始就存在三元互动。互动的结构包括物体、声音、节奏和停顿。父母会根据孩子的情况调整停顿。随着时间的推移,停顿的时间越来越长,交流也越来越多,这使得婴儿有更多的参与机会。三元互动的节奏成分(时间/停顿/互动序列的结构)促进了交流。
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