Prevalence of thyroid diffuse goiter and its association with body mass index and the presence of cysts and nodules in children and adolescents: the Fukushima Health Management Survey

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Nana Nakahata, Mahiro Asano, Norikazu Abe, Haruka Ejiri, Hisashi Ota, Satoshi Suzuki, Ayako Sato, Rina Tazaki, Natsuki Nagamine, Chisato Takahashi, Yukie Yamaya, Manabu Iwadate, Takashi Matsuzuka, Tetsuya Ohira, Seiji Yasumura, Satoru Suzuki, Fumihiko Furuya, Hiroki Shimura, Shinichi Suzuki, Susumu Yokoya, Hitoshi Ohto, Kenji Kamiya
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Abstract

The main cause of diffuse thyroid goiter is autoimmune chronic thyroiditis, otherwise known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Thyroid hormones play pivotal roles in growth and development during childhood. However, the prevalence of diffuse goiter and the relationships between diffuse goiter, thyroid volume, cysts and nodules, and anthropometric measurements in children are not well known. Among 789,459 participants who participated in thyroid ultrasound examinations, 320,206 participants (male: 161,728; female: 158,478) aged 1–23 years were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to calculate the odds ratios of the standard deviation score of body mass index (BMI-SDS), the SDS of bilateral width multiplied thickness area (BWTAR-SDS) as a provisional determination of thyroid volume, and the presence of nodules or cysts for positive diffuse goiter compared with negative diffuse goiter after correction for sex and age. The prevalence of diffuse goiter increased in a female-dominant manner with aging. Compared with the absence of diffuse goiter, the age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for BMI-SDS (1 SD), BWTAR-SDS (1 SD), cysts, and nodules were 1.24 (1.21–1.27), 3.21 (3.13–3.29), 0.53 (0.50–0.58), and 1.38 (1.17–1.64), respectively. The odds ratios of nodules for positive diffuse goiter were 4.18 (1.08–16.08), 1.76 (1.01–3.07), 1.80 (1.32–2.45), and 1.34 (1.08–1.67) in the age groups 1–7, 8–11, 12–15, and 16–23 years, respectively. The age-dependent increase in the prevalence of diffuse goiter was independently associated with increased BMI and positive prevalence of nodules in young individuals.

儿童和青少年甲状腺弥漫性甲状腺肿的患病率及其与体重指数、囊肿和结节的关系:福岛健康管理调查
弥漫性甲状腺肿的主要病因是自身免疫性慢性甲状腺炎,又称桥本氏甲状腺炎。甲状腺激素在儿童时期的生长发育中起着举足轻重的作用。然而,人们对儿童弥漫性甲状腺肿的患病率以及弥漫性甲状腺肿、甲状腺体积、囊肿和结节与人体测量之间的关系却知之甚少。在参加甲状腺超声检查的 789,459 名参与者中,对 320,206 名 1-23 岁的参与者(男性:161,728 人;女性:158,478 人)进行了分析。在对性别和年龄进行校正后,对弥漫性甲状腺肿阳性与弥漫性甲状腺肿阴性的体质指数标准偏差分值(BMI-SDS)、双侧宽度乘以厚度面积标准偏差分值(BWTAR-SDS)(作为甲状腺体积的临时测定值)以及是否存在结节或囊肿的几率比进行了逻辑回归分析。随着年龄的增长,弥漫性甲状腺肿的发病率以女性为主的方式增加。与无弥漫性甲状腺肿相比,经年龄和性别调整后,BMI-SDS (1 SD)、BWTAR-SDS (1 SD)、囊肿和结节的几率比(95% 置信区间)分别为 1.24 (1.21-1.27)、3.21 (3.13-3.29)、0.53 (0.50-0.58) 和 1.38 (1.17-1.64)。在 1-7 岁、8-11 岁、12-15 岁和 16-23 岁年龄组中,阳性弥漫性甲状腺肿的结节几率分别为 4.18(1.08-16.08)、1.76(1.01-3.07)、1.80(1.32-2.45)和 1.34(1.08-1.67)。弥漫性甲状腺肿患病率随年龄的增长而增加,这与体重指数(BMI)的增加和年轻人结节患病率呈正相关。
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来源期刊
Endocrine journal
Endocrine journal 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
5.00%
发文量
224
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: Endocrine Journal is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal with a long history. This journal publishes peer-reviewed research articles in multifaceted fields of basic, translational and clinical endocrinology. Endocrine Journal provides a chance to exchange your ideas, concepts and scientific observations in any area of recent endocrinology. Manuscripts may be submitted as Original Articles, Notes, Rapid Communications or Review Articles. We have a rapid reviewing and editorial decision system and pay a special attention to our quick, truly scientific and frequently-citable publication. Please go through the link for author guideline.
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