Methodology for assessing the food attractiveness of feeding objects on the example of juvenile Australian red claw crayfish

R. R. Borisov, I. Nikonova, N. Kovatcheva
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Abstract

The aim of the work: to identify behavioral responses that make it possible to characterize the food attractiveness of potential feeding objects for juveniles of the crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus.Used methods: the study was conducted on the juvenile Australian red-clawed crayfish C. quadricarinatus, in the aquarium room of aquaculture invertebrate department at VNIRO. 11 types of feeding objects of plant and 4 types of animal origin were studied, as well as TetraWaferMix compound feed as a control. A total of 616 experiments were performed.Newness: on the juveniles of the Australian red-clawed crayfish C. quadricarinatus, the methodology for assessing the nutritional attractiveness of feeding objects by the nature of behavior during feed consumption was tested.Result: the experiments conducted showed that a large proportion of individuals who threw, crumbled, held food with their oral limbs for a long time without attempting to mechanical processing it or did not eat the food, indicates its unsatisfactory nutritional qualities. The time spent by crayfish on eating food depends on the hardness of the proposed components, the rate of their softening in water, the size of individuals and therefore cannot directly characterize the nutritional attractiveness of the feed. Most of the proposed forage objects (11 out of 15) had attractive nutritional characteristics for juveniles of C. quadricarinatus crayfish. The most active juveniles consumed animal feed (larvae of Chironomus sp. and Hermetia illucens, squid meat, Gammarus sp.), and among the feeds of plant origin, the seeds of oats, wheat and fried buckwheat, as well as beets and potatoes had the greatest attractiveness.
以澳大利亚红爪螯虾幼体为例,评估摄食对象食物吸引力的方法
工作目的:确定行为反应,从而确定潜在喂食对象对四爪螯虾幼体的食物吸引力。采用的方法:在 VNIRO 水产养殖无脊椎动物部的水族室对澳大利亚红爪螯虾幼体进行了研究。研究了 11 种植物源和 4 种动物源投喂物,以及作为对照的 TetraWaferMix 配合饲料。结果:实验结果表明,很大比例的个体会扔食物、将食物弄碎、用口腔肢体长时间夹住食物而不尝试机械加工或不吃食物,这表明食物的营养质量不令人满意。小龙虾吃食物所花的时间取决于拟议成分的硬度、在水中软化的速度和个体大小,因此不能直接表征饲料的营养吸引力。大多数拟议的饲料(15 种中的 11 种)对四棘螯虾幼体都具有诱人的营养特征。最活跃的幼体食用的是动物性饲料(摇蚊幼虫、钝头螯虾幼虫、乌贼肉、虾蛄),而在植物性饲料中,燕麦、小麦和炒荞麦的种子以及甜菜和马铃薯的吸引力最大。
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