Evaluation of Aflatoxins Occurrence and Exposure in Cereal-Based Baby Foods: An Update Review.

IF 4.6 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-29 DOI:10.1007/s13668-024-00519-x
Yasemin Açar, Gamze Akbulut
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: The first stages of human life, which include the fetal period, infancy, and early childhood, are the most critical for human growth and development. This is the most vulnerable phase to health challenges due to the immature immune system and rapid development. Mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, patulin, fumonisins, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol are secondary metabolites secreted by various fungal species, primarily Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Alternaria. Aflatoxins are one of the major mycotoxins produced in cereals and cereal-based foods by several species of Aspergillus, mainly Aspergillus flavus. In this context, this review provides a brief overview of the occurrence, exposure, legal regulations, and health effects of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2, and M1) in cereal-based baby foods and breast milk.

Recent findings: Human aflatoxin exposure in utero and through breast milk, infant formulas, cereals, and cereal-based foods has been linked to various health consequences, including adverse birth outcomes, impaired growth and development, immune system suppression, and hepatic dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that especially infants and children are more susceptible to aflatoxins due to their lower body weight, lowered capacity to detoxify harmful substances, more restrictive diet, immature metabolism and elimination, and faster rates of growth and development. It is essential for both food safety and infant and child health that aflatoxins in cereal and cereal-based products are precisely detected, detoxified, and managed.

评估谷类婴儿食品中黄曲霉毒素的发生率和暴露量:最新回顾。
回顾的目的:人类生命的最初阶段,包括胎儿期、婴儿期和幼儿期,是人类生长和发育的最关键时期。由于免疫系统不成熟和发育迅速,这一阶段最容易受到健康挑战的影响。黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素 A、棒曲霉素、伏马菌素、玉米赤霉烯酮和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇等霉菌毒素是各种真菌(主要是曲霉、镰刀菌、青霉和交替孢霉)分泌的次级代谢产物。黄曲霉毒素是谷物和谷物食品中的主要霉菌毒素之一,由多种曲霉菌(主要是黄曲霉)产生。在这种情况下,本综述简要概述了谷类婴儿食品和母乳中黄曲霉毒素(B1、B2、G1、G2 和 M1)的发生、接触、法律规定和对健康的影响:人类在子宫内以及通过母乳、婴儿配方奶粉、谷物和谷类食品摄入黄曲霉毒素与各种健康后果有关,包括不良的出生结果、生长发育受损、免疫系统抑制和肝功能障碍。最近的证据表明,由于婴幼儿体重较轻、对有害物质的解毒能力较弱、饮食限制较多、新陈代谢和排泄功能不成熟以及生长发育速度较快,他们更容易受到黄曲霉毒素的影响。为了食品安全和婴幼儿健康,必须对谷物和谷物类产品中的黄曲霉毒素进行精确检测、解毒和管理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Current Nutrition Reports
Current Nutrition Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
2.00%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: This journal aims to provide comprehensive review articles that emphasize significant developments in nutrition research emerging in recent publications. By presenting clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to discuss the influence of nutrition on major health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity, as well as the impact of nutrition on genetics, metabolic function, and public health. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 25 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, suggests topics of special importance to their country/region, and ensures that topics and current and include emerging research.
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