The influence of topography and transport history on the composition of clastic deposits from the Jurassic Tlaxiaco basin, southern Mexico: Limitations on the use of mineral and chemical indices as proxies for paleoclimate

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY
M. Martini, Mildred Zepeda Martínez, Laura Mori, Fernando Núñez-Useche, Maria Patricia Velasco de León, Luigi Solari
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Abstract

The mineral and chemical composition of clastic deposits is commonly used as a proxy for reconstructing the climatic history of the Earth. A mineralogical and chemical study of clastic deposits from the Jurassic Tlaxiaco basin of southern Mexico illustrates that the entire sedimentary system in which detritus is generated, subaerially transported and deposited exerts a major control on the composition of sedimentary rocks, placing some constraints on the use of mineral and chemical indices as paleoclimatic proxies. Since clastic deposits of the Tlaxiaco basin were formed under similar humid climatic conditions, but in sedimentary systems with different topography and transport histories, they represent a natural laboratory for testing the control that these parameters exert on the composition of clastic rocks. Our petrographic and chemical results show that, in sedimentary systems associated with low relief and in which detritus had the possibility of being temporarily stored in floodplains and meander ing bars, parent rocks and the derivative detritus interacted with weathering fluids over a long time, producing clastic deposits with composition that is representative of weathering conditions and climate of the region. On the other hand, in environments associated with steep and tectonically active relief, the rates of sediment transport and burial exceed the rate at which weathering can generate detritus, producing sedimentary deposits with composition that largely underestimates potential weathering and provide unreliable information on climate. Mineral and chemical indices should be considered as reliable paleoclimate proxies only when sedimentological data indicate that the sedimentary system allowed sediment interaction with weathering fluids over a long time.
地形和迁移历史对墨西哥南部侏罗纪特拉西亚科盆地碎屑沉积物成分的影响:使用矿物和化学指数作为古气候代用指标的局限性
碎屑沉积物的矿物和化学成分通常被用作重建地球气候历史的替代物。对墨西哥南部侏罗纪 Tlaxiaco 盆地碎屑岩沉积物的矿物学和化学研究表明,碎屑岩的生成、亚古生代运移和沉积的整个沉积系统对沉积岩的成分具有重要的控制作用,这就对使用矿物和化学指标作为古气候代用指标造成了一定的限制。由于特拉西亚科盆地的碎屑岩沉积是在类似的潮湿气候条件下形成的,但沉积系统的地形和运移历史不同,因此特拉西亚科盆地是测试这些参数对碎屑岩组成的控制的天然实验室。我们的岩石学和化学研究结果表明,在地势较低的沉积系统中,碎屑有可能被暂时储存在冲积平原和蜿蜒的河床中,母岩和衍生物碎屑经过长时间与风化流体的相互作用,产生了具有代表该地区风化条件和气候成分的碎屑沉积物。另一方面,在与陡峭和构造活跃的地形有关的环境中,沉积物的搬运和掩埋速度超过了风化产生碎屑的速度,产生的沉积物的成分在很大程度上低估了潜在的风化作用,并提供了不可靠的气候信息。只有当沉积学数据表明沉积系统允许沉积物长期与风化流体相互作用时,才可将矿物和化学指数视为可靠的古气候代用指标。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
5.00%
发文量
50
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal is broad and international in scope and welcomes contributions that further the fundamental understanding of sedimentary processes, the origin of sedimentary deposits, the workings of sedimentary systems, and the records of earth history contained within sedimentary rocks.
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