Phytochemical analysis, isolation and quantitative estimation of karanjin in the stem bark of Millettia pinnata by a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography method

Abstract

Millettia pinnata (Fabaceae) is a multipurpose legume tree native to Southeast Asia. In this study, the methanolic extract of M. pinnata stem bark powder was utilised for the extraction, phytochemical screening and characterisation of isolated fractions. The high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was created to standardise stem bark utilising karanjin as an active chemical marker. Column chromatography was used to isolate karanjin along with other chemical markers, and HPTLC‒mass spectrometry (HPTLC‒MS) was used for confirmation. The HPTLC technique for karanjin was validated according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Q2(R1) standard and was determined to be a reliable, accurate and precise approach. The new method has substantial promise for quantifying karanjin from M. pinnata stem bark. The current study aims to quantify, isolate,= and identify the chemical marker karanjin from M. pinnata stem bark. The proposed HPTLC‒densitometric method may be used for routine quality control analysis for the quantification of karanjin quantification from M. pinnata stem bark.