The synthesis of bisquaternary ammonium compounds (microreview)

Abstract

Today, the chemistry of quaternary ammonium compounds is rapidly developing field owing, among other things, to the need to combat periodic outbreaks of various infectious diseases, which in some cases assume pandemic proportions. This review summarizes the most recent studies, published mainly over the past 10 years, devoted to advances in the synthesis of bisquaternary ammonium compounds for various purposes. The synthetic methods include monoalkyl halogenation of diamines, dialkyl halogenation of amines, methyltrifluoromethanesulfonation reactions, and anion exchange reactions.