Polyamide 66 hybrid TiO2–pectin flat-sheet membrane applied to wetland water ultrafiltration

Abstract

This article describes a study in which a hybrid, polyamide 66 flat-sheet membrane is fabricated and then used to eliminate turbidity in wetland water in an area of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The membrane was prepared by the phase inversion technique, using nylon 66, formic acid solvent, titanium dioxide and pectin as additives. Results show that the pure water flux of the membrane produced is extremely high – reaching 418.04 Lm-2h-1 – but decreased to 311.97 Lm-2h-1 with the addition of TiO2–pectin. When applied to wetland water the PA–TiO2–pectin membrane showed 100% turbidity rejection.