GENETIC ADVANCEMENT IN BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES RELEASED FOR THE BAJÍO REGION (MEXICO) UNDER NORMAL AND RESTRICTED IRRIGATION

IF 0.5 4区农林科学 Q4 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agrociencia Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI:10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2822

L. Ledesma-Ramírez, E. Solís-Moya, L. Mariscal-Amaro, A. J. Gámez-Vázquez, J. F. Buenrostro-Rodríguez, S. S. González-Figueroa, Isnelda Elizabeth Quiñones-Martinez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) provides approximately 20 % of the proteins and calories consumed globally. Genetic advancement in yield is crucial to satisfy the demand of the growing world population. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic progress in agronomic traits of varieties released in El Bajío (Mexico) between 1975 and 2016 under normal and restricted irrigation. The hypothesis was: with the breeding of wheat varieties for over 40 years for the region of El Bajío, advances have been made in grain yield. The genotypes planted were Salamanca S75, Cortazar S94, Bárcenas S2002, Urbina S2007, Alondra F2014 and Cisne F2016 during the 2016-17 and 2020-21 agricultural cycles in three irrigation schedules, two at 0 and 55 days after planting, three at 0-45 and 75 and four at 0-45-75 and 100 days after planting. Phenology, yield and its components were measured, and the treatment design followed a randomized complete block design with arrangements in subdivided plots and three replications. Using the weighted phenotypic model and its graphical representation through the SREG biplot, it was determined that recently released varieties outperformed the grain yield of older varieties in all three irrigation schedules. The varieties released between 1975 and 2016 displayed no changes in days to heading and maturity, since only early genotypes were advanced in the selection process. For grain yield, a genetic progress was obtained of 26.3, 41.6 and 37.6 kg ha-1 year-1 for the two, three and four irrigation schedules, respectively, which was related to an increase (p ≤ 0.01) in aerial biomass and a higher number of spikes and grains per unit area.

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在正常灌溉和限制灌溉条件下为巴伊奥地区（墨西哥）培育的面包小麦品种的遗传进步

小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）提供了全球约 20% 的蛋白质和热量。要满足不断增长的世界人口的需求，提高产量的遗传进展至关重要。本研究的目的是评估 1975 年至 2016 年期间在墨西哥巴希奥（El Bajío）正常灌溉和限制灌溉条件下发布的品种在农艺性状方面的遗传进展。假设是：随着巴约地区 40 多年来小麦品种的培育，在谷物产量方面取得了进步。在 2016-17 年和 2020-21 年农业周期，在三种灌溉条件下种植的基因型分别为萨拉曼卡 S75、科塔萨尔 S94、巴尔塞纳斯 S2002、乌尔维纳 S2007、阿隆德拉 F2014 和西斯内 F2016，其中两种灌溉条件分别为播种后 0 天和 55 天，三种灌溉条件分别为播种后 0-45 天和 75 天，四种灌溉条件分别为播种后 0-45-75 天和 100 天。对表型、产量及其构成要素进行了测量，处理设计采用随机完全区组设计，安排了细分地块和三次重复。通过使用加权表型模型及其 SREG 双线图的图形表示法，可以确定在所有三种灌溉条件下，新近发布的品种的谷物产量均优于老品种。1975 年至 2016 年间发布的品种在打顶天数和成熟度方面没有变化，因为只有早期基因型在选育过程中得到了提升。在谷物产量方面，两期、三期和四期灌溉的遗传进展分别为 26.3、41.6 和 37.6 千克/公顷-年-1，这与气生生物量的增加（p ≤ 0.01）以及单位面积穗数和粒数的增加有关。

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来源期刊

Agrociencia 农林科学-农业综合

CiteScore

0.50

自引率

33.30%

发文量

审稿时长

18-36 weeks

期刊介绍： AGROCIENCIA is a scientific journal created and sponsored by the Colegio de Postgraduados. Its main objective is the publication and diffusion of agricultural, animal and forestry sciences research results from mexican and foreign scientists. All contributions are peer reviewed. Starting in the year 2000, AGROCIENCIA became a bimonthly and fully bilingual journal (Spanish and English versions in the same issue). Since 2007 appears every month and a half (eight issues per year). In addition to the printed issues, the full content is available in electronic format.