Shedding light on slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a nationwide study on Turkish population.

Abstract

Objectives: This comprehensive study aimed to describe the epidemiologic and demographic distribution of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in Türkiye, a condition that globally presents at a rate of 10.8 cases per 100 000 children. Utilizing data from the Ministry of Health, we examined the specifics of SCFE in Türkiye, comparing the findings with those of other populations to clarify the country's unique epidemiological profile.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, the Ministry of Health's database was used to extract medical records of children under the age of 16 diagnosed with SCFE from 2016 to 2023. Patients were evaluated based on sex, age at diagnosis, comorbidities, complications, time of diagnosis and BMI.

Results: Our analysis identified 720 children with SCFE, with the average age at diagnosis being 12.9 years. The prevalence of SCFE in Türkiye was found to be 0.005% for the year 2022. The occurrence of SCFE showed no correlation with seasons. It was noted that the majority of patients received treatment at university and high-level hospitals (59.9%), with none being treated at lower-level public hospitals. A total of 58 patients were found to have additional growth and developmental diseases. Notably, only 33 cases (4.6%) involved avascular necrosis during follow-up.

Conclusion: This study provides the first epidemiological and demographic analysis of SCFE in Türkiye. Interestingly, our data suggest that male patients are twice as likely to develop SCFE compared to their female counterparts.