Еvaluation of fossil sites for the purposes of geotourism in Bulgaria

D. Sinnyovsky
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Abstract

Fossil deposits are an essential part of the Bulgarian geological heritage. They are among the most attractive geosites in na¬ture parks and geoparks. Several remarkable paleontological sites estimated as geosites of national importance are included in the Register and cadastre of the Bulgarian geological phenomena. However, they were evaluated according to the general methodology for assessment of different classes of geosites: geomorphological, stratigraphical, mineralogical, etc., so their specific characteristics remained underes¬timated. In this article, indicative criteria are proposed for evaluating fossil sites based on their specific characteristics – fossils and their scientific and touristic value. The development of a set of criteria emphasizing specific features of geological fossil sites will contribute to their identification and entry into the Register. Thus, the geoconservation value of the fossil sites will be enhanced beyond the basic level of significance established on the basis of general criteria such as scientific/research/educational value, integrity, rarity, sensitivity, and degree of study. These common criteria are useful, but not comprehensive enough to characterize their true scientific and touristic value. Evaluation of palaeontological sites requires additional criteria closely related to fossil deposits, e.g. presence of in situ museums, presence of fossils in ex situ museums, scientific knowledge, relation to known facies, historical significance for Bulgarian geology or local cultural/historical heritage, public awareness, geo-education in local schools. By combining the general and specific criteria into a single set, a new original expert card for the assessment of fossil deposits is proposed, including fourteen criteria, whose indicators are numerically evaluated depending on their significance. There are at least two reasons to create specific requirements for evaluating fos¬sil geosites: selection of new proposals for the Register and cadastre, and identification of fossil geosites in aspiring geoparks. The new criteria proposed in this article are a necessary addition to the main criteria in the “scientific value“ category and represent a contribution to the theory of Bulgarian geoconservation.
对保加利亚地质旅游化石遗址的评估
化石矿床是保加利亚地质遗产的重要组成部分。它们是国家地质公园和地质公园中最具吸引力的地质遗迹。保加利亚地质现象登记册和地籍中包含了几个被认为具有国家重要意义的古生物遗址。然而,它们是根据评估不同类别地质遗迹(地貌、地层、矿物等)的一般方法进行评估的,因此其具体特征仍未得到评估。本文根据化石遗址的具体特征--化石及其科学和旅游价值,提出了化石遗址评估的指示性标准。制定一套强调地质化石遗址具体特征的标准将有助于确定这些遗址并将其列入登记册。因此,地质化石遗址的地质保护价值将得到提高,超过根据科学/研究/教育价值、 完整性、稀有性、敏感性和研究程度等一般标准确定的基本重要程度。这些通用标准是有用的,但还不够全面,不足以描述其真正的科学和旅游价值。对古生物遗址的评估还需要与化石沉积密切相关的其他标准,如是否有原地博物馆、是否有化石存在于异地博物馆、科学知识、与已知岩层的关系、对保加利亚地质学或当地文化/历史遗产的历史意义、公众意识、当地学校的地质教育等。通过将一般标准和特殊标准合并为一套标准,提出了新的化石矿藏评估专家卡,其中包括 14 项标准,根据其重要性对指标进行数字评估。至少有两个原因需要对化石地质地貌的评估提出具体要求:为登记册和地籍选择新的建议,以及在有抱负的地质公园中确定化石地质地貌。本文提出的新标准是对 "科学价值 "类主要标准的必要补充,是对保加利亚地质保护理论的贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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