Influence of mountain factors on salt excess and soil toxicity in mountain conditions

Abstract

Introduction. The study of soil composition in mountainous areas is important for assessing its suitability for agriculture, land use planning and mining, influencing environmental policy and socio-economic development. Exploration of the composition of surface soil in these conditions is necessary to understand the specific factors affecting the formation and properties of soils. The study allows us to determine the physical-chemical properties of the soil, identify toxicity and problems with salt, which is important for preserving the quality of the soil and the environment in the mining industry. Research methods and materials. In the study of soil composition in mountainous areas, methods were used: sample collection taking into account geological features, physical-chemical analysis, measurement of mountain factors and data analysis using machine learning methods. This made it possible to identify the influence of mountain conditions on soil properties, to identify factors associated with salt excess and toxicity, and to develop approaches to preserve soil quality, important for environmental sustainability and socio-economic development of mountain Research results. Studies of salt redundancy and toxicity in the soil in mountainous areas, especially in the context of the mining industry, are extremely important. These studies help to assess soil pollution, identify sources of harmful substances and develop measures to prevent negative consequences, such as deterioration of soil quality and a threat to human health. The analysis of mountain factors plays a key role in risk assessment and the development of strategies to minimize the negative impact on the environment and preserve biological diversity in mountain ecosystems. Discussion of research results. The most important factor from the entire data set is the «Nutrient Availability Indicator in the soil», which has a significant impact on salt excess and soil toxicity. However, when only mountain factors are taken into account, «Slope 2» becomes the key for salt redundancy, and «Aspect B» and «Slope 2» for soil toxicity, simplifying modeling and allowing more accurate analysis of chemical properties associated with mountain features. Conclusion. Mountain conditions significantly affect the composition and properties of the soil, which can lead to excess salts and toxicity of substances, having a serious impact on the ecosystem and human health. Soil slope plays an important role in this context and can be key in determining risk and developing strategies for managing soil conditions in mountainous conditions. Risk assessment and environmental impact forecasting allow mining companies to create effective measures to reduce harm and increase the sustainability of production. Conclusions on the article. The article presents the results of research demonstrating that mountain conditions have a significant impact on the composition and properties of the soil. It was found that the features of the mountain relief can lead to the accumulation of toxic substances and excess salts, which have serious consequences for the ecosystem and human health. It has been established that the slope of the soil plays a key role in the formation of these phenomena, which can be useful for strategies for managing the soil condition in mountainous areas and reducing the negative impact on the environment. Suggestions for practical application and direction of future research. Research can be aimed at developing more sustainable management strategies for mountainous regions, taking into account the influence of geological factors on soil composition and possible environmental consequences. As well as the development of models that will allow to anticipate and assess potential risks to ecosystems and human health associated with the accumulation of toxic substances in mountain conditions, may be a direction for future research.