ORGANIC ACIDS OF THE FRUITS OF STAGHORN SUMAC (RHUS TYPHINA L.)

Abstract

Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina L.) of the Anacardiaceae family is a deciduous tree originating from North America, cultivated in Russia. The aim of the work was to determine the organic acids in the fruits of staghorn sumac. The object of the study was the fruits of staghorn sumac, fresh, dried and overwintered (last year). For qualitative analysis of ascorbic acid and organic acids, extracts were obtained in three ways: in a flask in a water bath with a reverse refrigerator, in infusion mode, in decoction mode. The determination of organic acids was carried out using qualitative reactions, as well as by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. By the method of thin-layer chromatography in extracts from three samples of raw materials were identified oxalic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic and malic acids. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography confirmed the presence of five organic acids. The content of the sum of organic acids was: in fresh fruits – 6.52%, in dry fruits – 6.26%, in overwintered fruits – 6.35%. The content of ascorbic acid is 0.78%, 0.75% and 0.76%, respectively. The high content of the sum of organic acids and ascorbic acid allows us to consider the fruits of staghorn sumac as a valuable source of biologically active compounds.