A Picofarad Capacitance Meter Based on Phase-Sensitive Demodulation for Tomography Application

Jurnal Listrik, Instrumentasi, dan Elektronika Terapan Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI:10.22146/juliet.v4i2.89134

R. Alfanz, Hamzah Hamzah, Teguh Firmansyah, Irma Saraswati, Ceri Ahendyarti, Rohmadi Rohmadi, Imamul Muttakin

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Abstract

Electrical capacitance volume tomography (ECVT) is an imaging technique based on the object’s capacitance value. To provide a representative image of the object under study, the ECVT system requires a method that can measure the capacitance value in the order of picofarads (pF). This level of resolution poses a difficulty for typical commercial capacitance measuring devices, hence raising the need for a specialized method with dedicated signal conditioning circuitry. The capacitance meter based on phase-sensitive demodulation (PSD) is made to solve the aforementioned issue and it is then compared with the characteristics of a capacitance meter-based commercial Arduino setup. The designed PSD-based capacitance measuring device has 97.894% accuracy, precision of 0.704 pF, sensitivity of 0.1197 V/pF, linearity with a coefficient of determination 0.9983, and stability of 0.028 pF/min. In comparison, the capacitance meter based on Arduino has 97.943% accuracy, precision of 0.027 pF, linearity with a coefficient of determination 0.9999, and stability of 0.04 pF/min. Testing is done on an 8-electrode ECVT sensor using dielectric materials of air and water. The nearest electrode pair on the condition of air as the dielectric medium has a capacitance value of 2.62218 pF for PSD-based measuring devices and 3.4027 pF for Arduino-based measuring devices, while the pair of electrodes on the condition of water as a dielectric medium has a capacitance value 9.8229 pF for measuring device based on PSD and 9.1069 pF for Arduino-based measuring devices. The opposite and farthest electrode pair on the condition of air as a dielectric medium has a capacitance value of 0 pF for PSD-based measuring devices and 0,0798pF for Arduino-based measuring devices, while the pair of electrodes on the condition of water as a dielectric medium has a capacitance value of 4.652 pF for PSD-based measuring devices and 0.1224 pF for Arduino-based measuring devices.

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基于相位敏感解调的皮法电容计，适用于断层扫描应用

电容体积断层成像（ECVT）是一种基于物体电容值的成像技术。为了提供所研究对象的代表性图像，ECVT 系统需要一种能够测量皮法（pF）级电容值的方法。这种分辨率水平对于典型的商用电容测量设备来说是个难题，因此需要一种带有专用信号调节电路的专门方法。为解决上述问题，我们制作了基于相敏解调（PSD）的电容计，并将其与基于 Arduino 的商用电容计装置的特性进行了比较。所设计的基于 PSD 的电容测量装置的准确度为 97.894%，精度为 0.704 pF，灵敏度为 0.1197 V/pF，线性确定系数为 0.9983，稳定性为 0.028 pF/min。相比之下，基于 Arduino 的电容计的准确度为 97.943%，精度为 0.027 pF，线性度（确定系数为 0.9999）和稳定性为 0.04 pF/分钟。测试在使用空气和水介质材料的 8 个电极 ECVT 传感器上进行。以空气为介质的最近电极对的电容值为 2.62218 pF（基于 PSD 的测量设备）和 3.4027 pF（基于 Arduino 的测量设备），而以水为介质的电极对的电容值为 9.8229 pF（基于 PSD 的测量设备）和 9.1069 pF（基于 Arduino 的测量设备）。在空气介质条件下，最远的一对电极的电容值为 0 pF（基于 PSD 的测量设备）和 0.0798 pF（基于 Arduino 的测量设备），而在水介质条件下，一对电极的电容值为 4.652 pF（基于 PSD 的测量设备）和 0.1224 pF（基于 Arduino 的测量设备）。

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Jurnal Listrik, Instrumentasi, dan Elektronika Terapan

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