A validation of WEPP water quality routines in uniform and nonuniform agricultural hillslopes

IF 7.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Ryan P. McGehee , Dennis C. Flanagan , Bernard A. Engel , John E. Gilley
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Current watershed-scale, nonpoint source pollution models do not represent the processes and impacts of agricultural best management practices on water quality with sufficient detail. A Water Erosion Prediction Project-Water Quality (WEPP-WQ) model was recently developed which is capable of simulating nonpoint source pollutant transport in nonuniform hillslope conditions such as those with BMPs. However, WEPP-WQ has not been validated for these conditions, and prior validation work only evaluated calibrated performance rather than uncalibrated performance, with the latter being most relevant to model applications. This study evaluated uncalibrated and calibrated model performance in two plot-scale, artificial rainfall studies. 179 observations were compared to corresponding WEPP-WQ simulations of runoff, sediment yield, and soluble and particulate nutrient forms for both nitrogen and phosphorus. Uncalibrated validation results were mixed for the different field conditions, model configurations, and prediction variables. Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiencies for uncalibrated simulations of uniform conditions were generally greater than 0.6 except for soluble nitrogen predictions which were poor. Simulations of nonuniform conditions were generally ‘unsatisfactory’ except for runoff predictions which were quite good (NSE = 0.78). Performance was improved substantially for almost all endpoints with calibration. Some exceptions to this occurred because the objective function for calibration was based on log-space differences so as to more equally-weight calibration of unsaturated conditions that tend to produce lesser runoff volumes and sediment yields. Calibrated results for both uniform and nonuniform conditions were generally ‘satisfactory’ or ‘good’ according to widely accepted model performance criteria.

在均匀和非均匀农业山坡上验证 WEPP 水质程序
目前的流域尺度非点源污染模型并不能充分详细地反映农业最佳管理措施的过程及其对水质的影响。最近开发的水侵蚀预测项目--水质(WEPP-WQ)模型能够模拟非点源污染物在非均匀山坡条件下的迁移,例如那些有 BMP 的山坡。然而,WEPP-WQ 还没有针对这些条件进行过验证,之前的验证工作只评估了校准性能,而不是未校准性能,后者与模型应用最为相关。本研究在两项地块尺度的人工降雨研究中对未经校准和校准的模型性能进行了评估。将 179 次观测结果与相应的 WEPP-WQ模拟结果进行了比较,包括径流量、沉积物产量以及氮和磷的可溶性和微粒营养形式。对于不同的实地条件、模型配置和预测变量,未经校准的验证结果是混合的。除可溶性氮的预测结果较差外,均匀条件下未经校准模拟的纳什-萨特克利夫效率一般都大于 0.6。对非均匀条件的模拟一般 "不令人满意",但径流预测结果相当好(NSE = 0.78)。通过校准,几乎所有终点的性能都有大幅提高。但也有一些例外情况,因为校准的目标函数是基于对数空间差异的,这样就能更平均地校准非饱和条件,而非饱和条件往往产生较少的径流量和泥沙量。根据广泛接受的模型性能标准,均匀和非均匀条件下的校准结果一般为 "满意 "或 "良好"。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International Soil and Water Conservation Research
International Soil and Water Conservation Research Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
CiteScore
12.00
自引率
3.10%
发文量
171
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: The International Soil and Water Conservation Research (ISWCR), the official journal of World Association of Soil and Water Conservation (WASWAC) http://www.waswac.org, is a multidisciplinary journal of soil and water conservation research, practice, policy, and perspectives. It aims to disseminate new knowledge and promote the practice of soil and water conservation. The scope of International Soil and Water Conservation Research includes research, strategies, and technologies for prediction, prevention, and protection of soil and water resources. It deals with identification, characterization, and modeling; dynamic monitoring and evaluation; assessment and management of conservation practice and creation and implementation of quality standards. Examples of appropriate topical areas include (but are not limited to): • Conservation models, tools, and technologies • Conservation agricultural • Soil health resources, indicators, assessment, and management • Land degradation • Sustainable development • Soil erosion and its control • Soil erosion processes • Water resources assessment and management • Watershed management • Soil erosion models • Literature review on topics related soil and water conservation research
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