Influence of Menstrual Hygiene and Sanitation on Girls Participation in Primary School Education in West Pokot County, Kenya: Head teachers Opinion

Nelly C. Andiema
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Abstract

The attainment of education for all objectives ensures that girls participate in education across the academic year even during their menstrual period. The menstrual health and hygiene management requires provision of adequate toilets, water, and sanitary pads for girls. Data from Sub-County Director of Education for Kacheliba showed that the retention and completion rate of girls for 2022 in primary school was below that of boys. This paper sought the head teachers’ opinion regarding girls’ menstrual hygiene and sanitation and its influence on girls' participation in primary school education. The study was conducted in 39 public primary schools in Kacheliba Sub-County (North Pokot), West Pokot County Kenya. The study adopted both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A sample size of 12 schols representing 30.0% were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to head teachers in the selected schools. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis for qualitative data. Research results showed that majority of schools had inadequate toilets to be used by girlsas they ended up sharing the available ones with boys. This made it uncomfortable for them to share the toilets during their menstrual period. Considering being semi-arid, water availability was inadequate as only 1 out of 11 schools was found to have water supply during the whole academic year. The government of Kenya programme of providing free sanitary pads to girls across public primary schools in the country was found to be irregular. This state of affairs made most girls in Kacheliba sub countyabsent from school during their menstrual period. The paper concludes that menstrual hygiene and sanitation negatively affected girl child participation in primary education because incidents of absenteeism were high, truancy cases and retention was low. The the government should provide capitation funds vote for schools to purchase sanitary towels, partner with other organisations to set up hygiene and sanitation facilities, and educate the community on the need for supporting girl child menstrual hygiene and management
经期卫生和环境卫生对肯尼亚西波科特县女孩接受小学教育的影响:校长的观点
要实现全民教育目标,就必须确保女童即使在月经期间也能接受全学年教育。经期健康和卫生管理要求为女童提供充足的厕所、水和卫生护垫。卡切里巴县教育局局长提供的数据显示,2022 年小学女生的保留率和毕业率低于男生。本文旨在了解校长对女童经期卫生和环境卫生的看法及其对女童接受小学教育的影响。研究在肯尼亚西波科特县卡切利巴子县(北波科特)的 39 所公立小学进行。研究采用了定性和定量两种方法。采用简单随机抽样技术选取了 12 所学校作为样本,占 30.0%。通过向所选学校的校长发放结构化问卷收集数据。数据分析采用了描述性统计和定性数据的主题内容分析。研究结果表明,大多数学校都没有足够的厕所供女生使用,因为她们只能与男生共用厕所。这让她们在月经期间共用厕所感到很不舒服。由于地处半干旱地区,供水不足,11 所学校中只有 1 所在整个学年都有供水。肯尼亚政府为全国公立小学的女生提供免费卫生护垫的计划并不正常。这种状况使得卡切里巴县的大多数女孩在月经期间无法上学。本文得出结论认为,经期卫生和环境卫生对女童接受初等教育产生了负面影响,因为女童旷课率高、逃学率高、留校率低。政府应为学校购买卫生巾提供按人分配的资金,与其他组织合作建立个人卫生和环境卫生设施,并向社区宣传支持女童经期个人卫生和管理的必要性。
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