Improvement of Erbil City Environment and Increasing Irrigated Areas through Simulated Hydraulic Design from Greater-Zab River Water

Abstract

Climate change, drought years, industrialization and oil production, investment, increase number of vehicles, air-conditioning systems, private electric generators and projects impacted on the Erbil City Environment. Green and planted areas were decreased; while desertification, groundwater problem and temperature increased. The objectives of the present research were to improve environment, increasing irrigated, groundwater table and tourist areas, and decreasing flood in Erbil City.  To conduct the research, design of pumping station, pipe lines, ponds and artificial channels for conveying raw water from Greater-Zab River (GZR) to the surrounded areas of Erbil City was studied. Surveying data were collected through site visits to the selected areas. Hydraulics design for the pumping station, pipe line, ponds and the channels were carried out.  Prosed discharge was 0.8 m3/s. Results revealed that the ponds can store 9000 m3 of the water and the best cross-section for the channels were 1.5 m Width and 1 m depth. The proposed hydraulic channels can irrigate 16 donums of the land. It can be concluded that design of ponds and channels surrounded to Erbil City decrease temperature, groundwater and flood problems, and desertification. On the other hand, the proposed design enhances environmental conditions, irrigated lands, and tourist.