Changes in the oxidative-antioxidant status of blood in freestyle wrestlers under the influence of physical exertion

N. Kurashova, A. A. Yureva, I. Gutnik, L. Grebenkina, A. Labygina, L. Kolesnikova
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Abstract

Purpose of the study: to evaluate the “lipid peroxidation-antioxidant protection” system in freestyle wrestlers under the influence of intense physical activity in order to identify the nature of oxidative processes and the antioxidant status of the athletes’ body.Materials and methods: the study involved athletes — freestyle wrestlers, boys 18–22 years old, with sports qualifications: candidate master of sports or master of sports, regularly involved in freestyle wrestling. The control group consisted of students who did not have a sports category and were not involved in sports activities, comparable in gender, age, weight category with the comparison group.  The material for the study was plasma and red blood cells. Blood sampling from athletes was carried out twice, at the end of the preparatory and competitive periods, in the morning, on an empty stomach from the ulnar vein, in accordance with generally accepted requirements. Components of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense were determined using spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods.Results: it was found that in athletes after intense physical activity (competitive period), there is a significantly significant decrease in substrates with double bonds by 61 %, primary products by 59 % and intermediate products by 44 %, an increase in the final products of lipid peroxidation by 25 % against the background of inhibition activity of antioxidant protection components: retinol by 40 %, superoxide dismutase by 7 % and reduced glutathione by 11 %.Conclusion: The level of free radical processes increases during physical activity due to the accumulation of oxygen in organs and tissues, and depends on the intensity and duration of the exercise. In the course of the study, it was established that the preparatory and competitive periods, in comparison with the control group, among freestyle wrestlers, depending on the previous level of physical activity, are characterized by activation of lipid peroxidation processes and inhibition of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of antioxidant protection. The established changes are recommended to be taken into account when conducting comprehensive rehabilitation of athletes, when developing recommendations for improving the training process, as well as when using antioxidant complexes for athletes aimed at restoring various parts of the body’s antioxidant defense.
自由式摔跤运动员在体力消耗影响下血液氧化-抗氧化状态的变化
研究目的:评估自由式摔跤运动员在剧烈运动影响下的 "脂质过氧化-抗氧化保护 "系统,以确定氧化过程的性质和运动员机体的抗氧化状态。研究材料和方法:研究对象为运动员--自由式摔跤运动员,男生,18-22 岁,运动资格:候选体育硕士或体育硕士,经常参加自由式摔跤。对照组由没有体育专业、不参加体育活动的学生组成,他们的性别、年龄、体重与对比组相当。 研究材料为血浆和红细胞。按照公认的要求,运动员的血液采样分两次进行,分别在准备期和竞技期结束后的早晨空腹从尺静脉进行。采用分光光度法和荧光测定法对脂质过氧化和抗氧化保护成分进行了测定。结果发现,运动员在进行剧烈运动(竞技期)后,双键底物显著减少 61%,初级产物减少 59%,中间产物减少 44%,脂质过氧化最终产物增加 25%,而抗氧化保护成分(视黄醇减少 40%,超氧化物歧化酶减少 7%,还原型谷胱甘肽减少 11%)的活性受到抑制:结论:在体育锻炼过程中,由于氧在器官和组织中的积累,自由基过程的水平会增加,这取决于锻炼的强度和持续时间。在研究过程中发现,与对照组相比,自由式摔跤运动员的准备期和竞技期(取决于之前的运动水平)的特点是脂质过氧化过程被激活,抗氧化保护的酶和非酶成分受到抑制。建议在对运动员进行全面康复时、在制定改善训练过程的建议时、以及在为运动员使用旨在恢复身体各部分抗氧化防御的抗氧化复合物时,考虑已确定的变化。
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