Factors Promoting and Inhibiting Use of Wellness Resources Among Police: A Mixed Methods Study

Abstract

There has been an increase in wellness programming within police agencies across the U.S. We examined factors contributing to and inhibiting use of within-department and external mental wellness programming using a sequential mixed methods design within a large Mid-Atlantic U.S. metropolitan police department. Sworn and civilian policing personnel completed surveys ( n = 297) and interviews ( n = 26). Regression models and chi-square tests were run on survey data, and open coding was used to analyze qualitative interview data. Results from triangulation of data demonstrated departmental mistrust and confidentiality in service usage were barriers to services. Additionally, the pervasiveness of stigma within the department and the field of policing at large was emphasized. Health insurance was key to accessing mental health services when people reached a point of extreme stress. In response, within-agency messaging about confidentiality of services and options for external mental health services should be prioritized in police agencies. Furthermore, police agencies looking to promote mental health could start by offering health insurance plans that include coverage of mental health services.