Opportunities and Challenges of Agricultural Industrialization and Its Impact on Added Value for The Most Important Vegetable and Fruit Crops فرص وتحديات التصنيع الزراعى وأثره على القيمة المضافة لأهم محاصيل الخضر والفاكهة

Abstract

: Food industry products are considered important commodities for consumption in Egypt, and the continued decline in their local production in proportion to the increasing demand for them has led to the emergence and increase of the food gap for these products on the one hand, and the continued decline in self-sufficiency rates on the other hand. Therefore, revealing the added value of the process of manufacturing the most important agricultural crops and the various policies that affect the profitability of companies and factories operating in the field of food industries. Revealing strengths gives management the opportunity to succeed, and revealing weaknesses gives it the opportunity to identify their causes and try to eliminate them early so that they do not hinder future plans. Providing food also represents a real challenge for Egyptian society as a result of the imbalance between consumption needs on sound nutritional and preventive grounds and what is actually available of food, which has resulted in a food gap between production and consumption, as this analysis depends on data on manufacturing processes of raw materials. The raw materials used in the manufacturing process and the revenue list, and to maximize the role of food manufacturing in the national economy, This requires working to transform it from food manufacturing based on surplus agricultural production to food manufacturing based on well-producing contract crops, especially in light of the addition of large areas of vegetables and fruits, within the framework of reclamation and expansion operations in the new desert lands within the framework of the One and a Half Million Project. Acres, which is distinguished by the quality of its products in terms of production and export qualities. The research problem was the availability of a limited number of factories that exploit the abundance of agricultural crops at harvest time, especially horticultural crops. Which increases the loss, as statistics indicate that Egypt loses approximately 40% of tomatoes and 35% of fresh vegetables and fruits annually. The research results indicated that the added value of manufacturing is estimated by calculating the difference between the factory or company’s selling price for the manufactured product and the value of the agricultural raw material (fresh crop). The results indicate that the added value of manufacturing a ton of mango drink is estimated at about 10,870 pounds/ton. The results indicate that the added value of manufacturing a ton of tomato sauce is estimated at approximately 12,917 pounds/ton. The results also indicate that the added value of manufacturing a ton of strawberry jam is estimated at approximately 27,942 pounds/ton. Finally, the results indicate that the added value of manufacturing a ton of frozen green beans Estimated at about 10,200 pounds/ton. The research recommends the need to expand the manufacturing of agricultural crops to reduce the loss of these crops on the one hand and increase the value added from the manufacturing process on the other hand, in addition to reducing the problem of unemployment by absorbing workers to carry out all operations during the stages of assembling agricultural crops through the manufacturing processes, transporting and marketing the manufactured products. The research also recommends the need to encourage the establishment of small projects in the field of food manufacturing by facilitating small investors’ access to soft loans within the Central Bank’s initiative, which allows loans at an interest rate not exceeding 5%, with facilities in repayment processes and exemption from taxes during the first industries in small agricultural regions and communities to overcome the weakness of marketing systems prevailing in Egypt and reduce the degree of risks to which small farmers in those regions are exposed.