Nitrate reduction capacity of the oral microbiota is impaired in periodontitis: potential implications for systemic nitric oxide availability.

IF 10.8 1区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
Bob T Rosier, William Johnston, Miguel Carda-Diéguez, Annabel Simpson, Elena Cabello-Yeves, Krystyna Piela, Robert Reilly, Alejandro Artacho, Chris Easton, Mia Burleigh, Shauna Culshaw, Alex Mira
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Abstract

The reduction of nitrate to nitrite by the oral microbiota has been proposed to be important for oral health and results in nitric oxide formation that can improve cardiometabolic conditions. Studies of bacterial composition in subgingival plaque suggest that nitrate-reducing bacteria are associated with periodontal health, but the impact of periodontitis on nitrate-reducing capacity (NRC) and, therefore, nitric oxide availability has not been evaluated. The current study aimed to evaluate how periodontitis affects the NRC of the oral microbiota. First, 16S rRNA sequencing data from five different countries were analyzed, revealing that nitrate-reducing bacteria were significantly lower in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients compared with healthy individuals (P < 0.05 in all five datasets with n = 20-82 samples per dataset). Secondly, subgingival plaque, saliva, and plasma samples were obtained from 42 periodontitis patients before and after periodontal treatment. The oral NRC was determined in vitro by incubating saliva with 8 mmol/L nitrate (a concentration found in saliva after nitrate-rich vegetable intake) and compared with the NRC of 15 healthy individuals. Salivary NRC was found to be diminished in periodontal patients before treatment (P < 0.05) but recovered to healthy levels 90 days post-treatment. Additionally, the subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria increased after treatment and correlated negatively with periodontitis-associated bacteria (P < 0.01). No significant effect of periodontal treatment on the baseline saliva and plasma nitrate and nitrite levels was found, indicating that differences in the NRC may only be revealed after nitrate intake. Our results suggest that an impaired NRC in periodontitis could limit dietary nitrate-derived nitric oxide levels, and the effect on systemic health should be explored in future studies.

Abstract Image

牙周炎患者口腔微生物群的硝酸盐还原能力受损:对全身一氧化氮可用性的潜在影响。
口腔微生物群将硝酸盐还原成亚硝酸盐的过程被认为对口腔健康非常重要,并能形成一氧化氮,从而改善心脏代谢状况。对龈下牙菌斑中细菌组成的研究表明,硝酸盐还原菌与牙周健康有关,但牙周炎对硝酸盐还原能力(NRC)的影响以及因此对一氧化氮可用性的影响尚未得到评估。本研究旨在评估牙周炎如何影响口腔微生物群的硝酸盐还原能力。首先,分析了来自五个不同国家的 16S rRNA 测序数据,发现牙周炎患者龈下菌斑中的硝酸还原菌明显低于健康人(P
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来源期刊
International Journal of Oral Science
International Journal of Oral Science DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-
CiteScore
31.80
自引率
1.30%
发文量
53
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Oral Science covers various aspects of oral science and interdisciplinary fields, encompassing basic, applied, and clinical research. Topics include, but are not limited to: Oral microbiology Oral and maxillofacial oncology Cariology Oral inflammation and infection Dental stem cells and regenerative medicine Craniofacial surgery Dental material Oral biomechanics Oral, dental, and maxillofacial genetic and developmental diseases Craniofacial bone research Craniofacial-related biomaterials Temporomandibular joint disorder and osteoarthritis The journal publishes peer-reviewed Articles presenting new research results and Review Articles offering concise summaries of specific areas in oral science.
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